Design of SIMO <italic>M</italic>-QAM System for Ultrasonic Communications on Shallow Waters

In this work, we present a transmission system that uses single-carrier modulation M-ary symbols quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) for underwater acoustic communications (UAC) in the ultrasonic band. It exploits the diversity that four hydrophones provide at reception in a single-input multipl...

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Main Authors: Unai Fernandez-Plazaola, Francisco J. Canete, Eduardo Martos-Naya, Luis Diez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11105458/
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author Unai Fernandez-Plazaola
Francisco J. Canete
Eduardo Martos-Naya
Luis Diez
author_facet Unai Fernandez-Plazaola
Francisco J. Canete
Eduardo Martos-Naya
Luis Diez
author_sort Unai Fernandez-Plazaola
collection DOAJ
description In this work, we present a transmission system that uses single-carrier modulation M-ary symbols quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) for underwater acoustic communications (UAC) in the ultrasonic band. It exploits the diversity that four hydrophones provide at reception in a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> configuration and also includes, for each stream, a phase-locked loop (PLL) for synchronization and a turbo-equalization subsystem, with fractionally-spaced equalizer (FSE) and decision feedback equalizer (DFE) filters, adaptive by means of least mean squares (LMS) algorithm, both of which are driven by an low-density parity check (LDPC) decoder decisions. The paper describes the system design and analyze its performances on trials carried out on shallow waters of the Mediterranean sea. Achievable data rates exceeding 200 kb/s between links of transmission distances longer than 200 m are obtained with a satisfactory low bit-error rate (BER).
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issn 2644-125X
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IEEE
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spelling doaj-art-adec98c466f34005b6f2d786467ecd3e2025-08-22T23:17:24ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society2644-125X2025-01-0166323633510.1109/OJCOMS.2025.359448911105458Design of SIMO <italic>M</italic>-QAM System for Ultrasonic Communications on Shallow WatersUnai Fernandez-Plazaola0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-3948Francisco J. Canete1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4871-5609Eduardo Martos-Naya2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6514-5057Luis Diez3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-7893Communications and Signal Processing Lab, Telecommunication Research Institute, E.T.S.I. Telecomunicacion, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, SpainCommunications and Signal Processing Lab, Telecommunication Research Institute, E.T.S.I. Telecomunicacion, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, SpainCommunications and Signal Processing Lab, Telecommunication Research Institute, E.T.S.I. Telecomunicacion, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, SpainCommunications and Signal Processing Lab, Telecommunication Research Institute, E.T.S.I. Telecomunicacion, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, SpainIn this work, we present a transmission system that uses single-carrier modulation M-ary symbols quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) for underwater acoustic communications (UAC) in the ultrasonic band. It exploits the diversity that four hydrophones provide at reception in a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> configuration and also includes, for each stream, a phase-locked loop (PLL) for synchronization and a turbo-equalization subsystem, with fractionally-spaced equalizer (FSE) and decision feedback equalizer (DFE) filters, adaptive by means of least mean squares (LMS) algorithm, both of which are driven by an low-density parity check (LDPC) decoder decisions. The paper describes the system design and analyze its performances on trials carried out on shallow waters of the Mediterranean sea. Achievable data rates exceeding 200 kb/s between links of transmission distances longer than 200 m are obtained with a satisfactory low bit-error rate (BER).https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11105458/Adaptive filterdiversityequalizationfading channelsLMSMIMO
spellingShingle Unai Fernandez-Plazaola
Francisco J. Canete
Eduardo Martos-Naya
Luis Diez
Design of SIMO <italic>M</italic>-QAM System for Ultrasonic Communications on Shallow Waters
IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
Adaptive filter
diversity
equalization
fading channels
LMS
MIMO
title Design of SIMO <italic>M</italic>-QAM System for Ultrasonic Communications on Shallow Waters
title_full Design of SIMO <italic>M</italic>-QAM System for Ultrasonic Communications on Shallow Waters
title_fullStr Design of SIMO <italic>M</italic>-QAM System for Ultrasonic Communications on Shallow Waters
title_full_unstemmed Design of SIMO <italic>M</italic>-QAM System for Ultrasonic Communications on Shallow Waters
title_short Design of SIMO <italic>M</italic>-QAM System for Ultrasonic Communications on Shallow Waters
title_sort design of simo italic m italic qam system for ultrasonic communications on shallow waters
topic Adaptive filter
diversity
equalization
fading channels
LMS
MIMO
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11105458/
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AT eduardomartosnaya designofsimoitalicmitalicqamsystemforultrasoniccommunicationsonshallowwaters
AT luisdiez designofsimoitalicmitalicqamsystemforultrasoniccommunicationsonshallowwaters