An In vitro Investigation of the Potential Synergistic Effect of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol and Thymoquinone’s against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Bacterial infections continue to pose a significant global health threat, further intensified by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses significant threats, especially in healthcare settings around the world. Conventional treatmen...

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Main Authors: Karem Ibrahem, Wafaa Alhazmi, Hanouf A. Niyazi, Hatoon A. Niyazi, Bandar Saleh, Tariq Ekhmimi, Jawahir A. Mokhtar, Dalya Attallah, Mohammed Bazuhair, Khalil Alkuwaity, Ahmad Sait, Mohammed Mufrrih, Mazen Ismail, Yousef Almoghrabi, Hussam Daghistani, Ohood Alharbi, Hisham Altayb, Abdelbagi Alfadil
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
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Online Access:https://microbiologyjournal.org/an-in-vitro-investigation-of-the-potential-synergistic-effect-of-3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol-and-thymoquinones-against-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa/
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author Karem Ibrahem
Wafaa Alhazmi
Hanouf A. Niyazi
Hatoon A. Niyazi
Bandar Saleh
Tariq Ekhmimi
Jawahir A. Mokhtar
Dalya Attallah
Mohammed Bazuhair
Khalil Alkuwaity
Ahmad Sait
Mohammed Mufrrih
Mazen Ismail
Yousef Almoghrabi
Hussam Daghistani
Ohood Alharbi
Hisham Altayb
Abdelbagi Alfadil
author_facet Karem Ibrahem
Wafaa Alhazmi
Hanouf A. Niyazi
Hatoon A. Niyazi
Bandar Saleh
Tariq Ekhmimi
Jawahir A. Mokhtar
Dalya Attallah
Mohammed Bazuhair
Khalil Alkuwaity
Ahmad Sait
Mohammed Mufrrih
Mazen Ismail
Yousef Almoghrabi
Hussam Daghistani
Ohood Alharbi
Hisham Altayb
Abdelbagi Alfadil
author_sort Karem Ibrahem
collection DOAJ
description Bacterial infections continue to pose a significant global health threat, further intensified by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses significant threats, especially in healthcare settings around the world. Conventional treatments face some limitations due to development of antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing the urgent need to explore alternative treatment strategies. In this study, we propose the potential synergistic activity of thymoquinone and 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol (3HT) to combat MRSA infections. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of both thymoquinone and 3HT were assessed across twenty-two clinical MRSA strains. Thymoquinone demonstrated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values range between 8 and 128 µg/ml., while 3HT exhibited MIC levels varying from 16 to 32 µg/ml. Moreover, the checkerboard-assay was utilized to evaluate the integration of the following antimicrobial agents; thymoquinone and 3HT. Thymoquinone and 3HT bind to PBP2a leading to reduction in MRSA antimicrobial resistance via significantly disrupting its structure and function. Our study reveals an in-vitro synergistic interaction between these compounds with a fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) less than 0.5 against different isolated MRSA strains. While further research is necessary, our findings offer a promising approach for developing new effective MRSA treatments.
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spelling doaj-art-adde8585b583400a891da0b16eef17522025-08-20T02:48:46ZengJournal of Pure and Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Pure and Applied Microbiology0973-75102581-690X2024-12-0118428372849https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.18.4.55An In vitro Investigation of the Potential Synergistic Effect of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol and Thymoquinone’s against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)Karem IbrahemWafaa Alhazmihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-0953Hanouf A. NiyaziHatoon A. NiyaziBandar SalehTariq EkhmimiJawahir A. MokhtarDalya AttallahMohammed BazuhairKhalil AlkuwaityAhmad SaitMohammed MufrrihMazen IsmailYousef AlmoghrabiHussam DaghistaniOhood AlharbiHisham Altayb Abdelbagi AlfadilBacterial infections continue to pose a significant global health threat, further intensified by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses significant threats, especially in healthcare settings around the world. Conventional treatments face some limitations due to development of antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing the urgent need to explore alternative treatment strategies. In this study, we propose the potential synergistic activity of thymoquinone and 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol (3HT) to combat MRSA infections. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of both thymoquinone and 3HT were assessed across twenty-two clinical MRSA strains. Thymoquinone demonstrated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values range between 8 and 128 µg/ml., while 3HT exhibited MIC levels varying from 16 to 32 µg/ml. Moreover, the checkerboard-assay was utilized to evaluate the integration of the following antimicrobial agents; thymoquinone and 3HT. Thymoquinone and 3HT bind to PBP2a leading to reduction in MRSA antimicrobial resistance via significantly disrupting its structure and function. Our study reveals an in-vitro synergistic interaction between these compounds with a fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) less than 0.5 against different isolated MRSA strains. While further research is necessary, our findings offer a promising approach for developing new effective MRSA treatments.https://microbiologyjournal.org/an-in-vitro-investigation-of-the-potential-synergistic-effect-of-3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol-and-thymoquinones-against-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa/mrsaamr3htthymoquinoneantimicrobial agentsfici
spellingShingle Karem Ibrahem
Wafaa Alhazmi
Hanouf A. Niyazi
Hatoon A. Niyazi
Bandar Saleh
Tariq Ekhmimi
Jawahir A. Mokhtar
Dalya Attallah
Mohammed Bazuhair
Khalil Alkuwaity
Ahmad Sait
Mohammed Mufrrih
Mazen Ismail
Yousef Almoghrabi
Hussam Daghistani
Ohood Alharbi
Hisham Altayb
Abdelbagi Alfadil
An In vitro Investigation of the Potential Synergistic Effect of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol and Thymoquinone’s against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
mrsa
amr
3ht
thymoquinone
antimicrobial agents
fici
title An In vitro Investigation of the Potential Synergistic Effect of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol and Thymoquinone’s against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
title_full An In vitro Investigation of the Potential Synergistic Effect of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol and Thymoquinone’s against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
title_fullStr An In vitro Investigation of the Potential Synergistic Effect of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol and Thymoquinone’s against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
title_full_unstemmed An In vitro Investigation of the Potential Synergistic Effect of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol and Thymoquinone’s against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
title_short An In vitro Investigation of the Potential Synergistic Effect of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-Thiol and Thymoquinone’s against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
title_sort in vitro investigation of the potential synergistic effect of 3 hydrazinoquinoxaline 2 thiol and thymoquinone s against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa
topic mrsa
amr
3ht
thymoquinone
antimicrobial agents
fici
url https://microbiologyjournal.org/an-in-vitro-investigation-of-the-potential-synergistic-effect-of-3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol-and-thymoquinones-against-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-mrsa/
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