Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy—A Scoping Review
(1) Background: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in chronic immune activation associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pathogenesis, non-AIDS-related comorbidities, and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). The effects o...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2221 |
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| author | Zsófia Gáspár Blin Nagavci Bálint Gergely Szabó Botond Lakatos |
| author_facet | Zsófia Gáspár Blin Nagavci Bálint Gergely Szabó Botond Lakatos |
| author_sort | Zsófia Gáspár |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in chronic immune activation associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pathogenesis, non-AIDS-related comorbidities, and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). The effects of antiretroviral therapy on the microbiome remain underexplored. This study aims to map the evidence of the impact of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) on the gut microbiota of PLWH. (2) Methods: A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, with reports collected following PRISMA for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). (3) Results: Evidence suggests that INSTI-based regimes generally promote the restoration of alpha diversity, bringing it closer to that of seronegative controls, while beta diversity remains largely unchanged. INSTI-based therapies are suggested to be associated with improvements in microbiota composition and a tendency toward reduced inflammatory markers. In contrast, NNRTI-based treatments demonstrate limited recovery of alpha diversity and are linked to an increase in proinflammatory bacteria. (4) Conclusions: Based on the review of the current literature, it is indicated that INSTI-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) therapy facilitates better recovery of the gut microbiome. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-adbbe4b5de7d46f4bcb19149677e10d2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-adbbe4b5de7d46f4bcb19149677e10d22025-08-20T01:54:08ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-11-011211222110.3390/microorganisms12112221Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy—A Scoping ReviewZsófia Gáspár0Blin Nagavci1Bálint Gergely Szabó2Botond Lakatos3National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, H-1097 Budapest, HungaryDoctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Semmelweis University, H-1097 Budapest, HungaryNational Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, H-1097 Budapest, HungaryNational Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary(1) Background: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in chronic immune activation associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pathogenesis, non-AIDS-related comorbidities, and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). The effects of antiretroviral therapy on the microbiome remain underexplored. This study aims to map the evidence of the impact of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) on the gut microbiota of PLWH. (2) Methods: A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, with reports collected following PRISMA for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). (3) Results: Evidence suggests that INSTI-based regimes generally promote the restoration of alpha diversity, bringing it closer to that of seronegative controls, while beta diversity remains largely unchanged. INSTI-based therapies are suggested to be associated with improvements in microbiota composition and a tendency toward reduced inflammatory markers. In contrast, NNRTI-based treatments demonstrate limited recovery of alpha diversity and are linked to an increase in proinflammatory bacteria. (4) Conclusions: Based on the review of the current literature, it is indicated that INSTI-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) therapy facilitates better recovery of the gut microbiome.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2221AIDSacquired immunodeficiency syndromeHIVhuman immunodeficiency virusmicrobiomedysbiosis |
| spellingShingle | Zsófia Gáspár Blin Nagavci Bálint Gergely Szabó Botond Lakatos Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy—A Scoping Review Microorganisms AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome HIV human immunodeficiency virus microbiome dysbiosis |
| title | Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy—A Scoping Review |
| title_full | Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy—A Scoping Review |
| title_fullStr | Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy—A Scoping Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy—A Scoping Review |
| title_short | Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy—A Scoping Review |
| title_sort | gut microbiome alteration in hiv aids and the role of antiretroviral therapy a scoping review |
| topic | AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome HIV human immunodeficiency virus microbiome dysbiosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2221 |
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