Fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 expression
Abstract Objective Fulvic acid (FA), a humic substance, has various applications in agricultural (animal husbandry) and pharmaceutical industries. However, to the best of our knowledge, its antitumor effects remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of FA in...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Discover Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02236-5 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850202651979939840 |
|---|---|
| author | Min Chen Ming Cheng Chenchen Shao Wenwen Liang Yi Tang Fangjun Ding |
| author_facet | Min Chen Ming Cheng Chenchen Shao Wenwen Liang Yi Tang Fangjun Ding |
| author_sort | Min Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective Fulvic acid (FA), a humic substance, has various applications in agricultural (animal husbandry) and pharmaceutical industries. However, to the best of our knowledge, its antitumor effects remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of FA in ovarian cancer cells. Methods To determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of FA, SK-OV-3 and OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells were exposed to various concentrations of FA. The effects of FA and expression of cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1) on cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and transwell assays for migration and invasion. Differentially expressed messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) were identified via Illumina ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing and verified using fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). CYP1A1 protein levels were measured by western blotting. Results The IC50 values of FA for OVCAR3 and SK-OV-3 cells were 689.9 and 752.0 µg/ml, respectively. FA treatment suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. In FA-treated SK-OV-3 cells, 117 mRNAs were upregulated, and 342 mRNAs were downregulated, as identified by Illumina RNA sequencing. The qRT-PCR results revealed that FA upregulated CYP1A1 expression in both cell lines. CYP1A1 overexpression mimicked the effects of FA treatment on cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, CYP1A1 knockdown alleviated these effects induced by FA treatments. Conclusion FA suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and upregulated CYP1A1 expression in SK-OV-3 and OVCAR3 cells. Our results suggest that FA demonstrates antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells through CYP1A1 regulation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ad9fa0f0fc0c467e866a9fa8492188fe |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2730-6011 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Discover Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ad9fa0f0fc0c467e866a9fa8492188fe2025-08-20T02:11:42ZengSpringerDiscover Oncology2730-60112025-04-0116111310.1007/s12672-025-02236-5Fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 expressionMin Chen0Ming Cheng1Chenchen Shao2Wenwen Liang3Yi Tang4Fangjun Ding5Shandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., LtdDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Tai’an City Central Hospital of Qingdao UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Tai’an City Central Hospital of Qingdao UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Tai’an City Central Hospital of Qingdao UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural UniversityShandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., LtdAbstract Objective Fulvic acid (FA), a humic substance, has various applications in agricultural (animal husbandry) and pharmaceutical industries. However, to the best of our knowledge, its antitumor effects remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of FA in ovarian cancer cells. Methods To determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of FA, SK-OV-3 and OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells were exposed to various concentrations of FA. The effects of FA and expression of cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1) on cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and transwell assays for migration and invasion. Differentially expressed messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) were identified via Illumina ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing and verified using fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). CYP1A1 protein levels were measured by western blotting. Results The IC50 values of FA for OVCAR3 and SK-OV-3 cells were 689.9 and 752.0 µg/ml, respectively. FA treatment suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. In FA-treated SK-OV-3 cells, 117 mRNAs were upregulated, and 342 mRNAs were downregulated, as identified by Illumina RNA sequencing. The qRT-PCR results revealed that FA upregulated CYP1A1 expression in both cell lines. CYP1A1 overexpression mimicked the effects of FA treatment on cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, CYP1A1 knockdown alleviated these effects induced by FA treatments. Conclusion FA suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and upregulated CYP1A1 expression in SK-OV-3 and OVCAR3 cells. Our results suggest that FA demonstrates antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells through CYP1A1 regulation.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02236-5Fulvic acidOvarian cancerCytochrome P450 CYP1A1RNA sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Min Chen Ming Cheng Chenchen Shao Wenwen Liang Yi Tang Fangjun Ding Fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 expression Discover Oncology Fulvic acid Ovarian cancer Cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 RNA sequencing |
| title | Fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 expression |
| title_full | Fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 expression |
| title_fullStr | Fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 expression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 expression |
| title_short | Fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 expression |
| title_sort | fulvic acid exhibits antitumor effects in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating cytochrome p450 family 1 subfamily a member 1 expression |
| topic | Fulvic acid Ovarian cancer Cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 RNA sequencing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02236-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT minchen fulvicacidexhibitsantitumoreffectsinovariancancercellsbyupregulatingcytochromep450family1subfamilyamember1expression AT mingcheng fulvicacidexhibitsantitumoreffectsinovariancancercellsbyupregulatingcytochromep450family1subfamilyamember1expression AT chenchenshao fulvicacidexhibitsantitumoreffectsinovariancancercellsbyupregulatingcytochromep450family1subfamilyamember1expression AT wenwenliang fulvicacidexhibitsantitumoreffectsinovariancancercellsbyupregulatingcytochromep450family1subfamilyamember1expression AT yitang fulvicacidexhibitsantitumoreffectsinovariancancercellsbyupregulatingcytochromep450family1subfamilyamember1expression AT fangjunding fulvicacidexhibitsantitumoreffectsinovariancancercellsbyupregulatingcytochromep450family1subfamilyamember1expression |