Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea

National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves (NAGRRs) are pivotal protected areas in delivering ecological and socio-economic advantages. This study focuses on three NAGRRs in the South China Sea, meticulously examining the pollution levels of 31 common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) within...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chong Chen, Huadong Yi, Shaopeng Xu, Yutong Zhang, Qihui Zhao, Ruolan Jia, Chengcheng Bu, Xian Qin, Sheng Bi, Limin Ma, Guifeng Li, Kenneth Mei Yee Leung, Yuefei Ruan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-01-01
Series:Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182625001304
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849228388705763328
author Chong Chen
Huadong Yi
Shaopeng Xu
Yutong Zhang
Qihui Zhao
Ruolan Jia
Chengcheng Bu
Xian Qin
Sheng Bi
Limin Ma
Guifeng Li
Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
Yuefei Ruan
author_facet Chong Chen
Huadong Yi
Shaopeng Xu
Yutong Zhang
Qihui Zhao
Ruolan Jia
Chengcheng Bu
Xian Qin
Sheng Bi
Limin Ma
Guifeng Li
Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
Yuefei Ruan
author_sort Chong Chen
collection DOAJ
description National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves (NAGRRs) are pivotal protected areas in delivering ecological and socio-economic advantages. This study focuses on three NAGRRs in the South China Sea, meticulously examining the pollution levels of 31 common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) within these protected areas and their surrounding coastal areas. The highest cumulative concentrations in the dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter (SPM) phase, and surface sediment were recorded at 280.59 ng/L in the dry season, 192.89 ng/L in the wet season, and 411.89 ng/g dry weight in the dry season, respectively. The log KD−SED (2.17−5.49 in the wet season and 2.51−5.50 in the dry season) were relatively lower than log KD−SPM (3.21−6.09 during the wet season and 3.79−5.75 during the dry season), suggesting a higher likelihood of EDC distribution to the SPM than surface sediment. The sum of five estradiol equivalent concentrations in the waters of the coastal and protected areas significantly surpassed the threshold for endocrine-disrupting activity, suggesting that the targeted estrogens in these regions may potentially disrupt the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms. Norgestrel, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 4-tert-octylphenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol B, and bisphenol F were pinpointed as pollutants necessitating urgent concern due to their ecological risks and detection frequencies. These research findings provided valuable insights into the effective management and remediation of emerging pollutants within NAGRRs, thereby contributing to strengthening their protection and biodiversity conservation.
format Article
id doaj-art-ad85cd320fa2424ea5090aa8189d8b6b
institution Kabale University
issn 2590-1826
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
record_format Article
series Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
spelling doaj-art-ad85cd320fa2424ea5090aa8189d8b6b2025-08-23T04:49:06ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology2590-18262025-01-0171787179710.1016/j.enceco.2025.08.011Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China SeaChong Chen0Huadong Yi1Shaopeng Xu2Yutong Zhang3Qihui Zhao4Ruolan Jia5Chengcheng Bu6Xian Qin7Sheng Bi8Limin Ma9Guifeng Li10Kenneth Mei Yee Leung11Yuefei Ruan12State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaBureau of Hydrology, Pearl River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou 510610, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; Correspondence to: Guifeng Li, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, China.State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Correspondence to: Kenneth Mei Yee Leung, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, China.State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; Correspondence to: Yuefei Ruan, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health, City University of Hong Kong, China.National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves (NAGRRs) are pivotal protected areas in delivering ecological and socio-economic advantages. This study focuses on three NAGRRs in the South China Sea, meticulously examining the pollution levels of 31 common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) within these protected areas and their surrounding coastal areas. The highest cumulative concentrations in the dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter (SPM) phase, and surface sediment were recorded at 280.59 ng/L in the dry season, 192.89 ng/L in the wet season, and 411.89 ng/g dry weight in the dry season, respectively. The log KD−SED (2.17−5.49 in the wet season and 2.51−5.50 in the dry season) were relatively lower than log KD−SPM (3.21−6.09 during the wet season and 3.79−5.75 during the dry season), suggesting a higher likelihood of EDC distribution to the SPM than surface sediment. The sum of five estradiol equivalent concentrations in the waters of the coastal and protected areas significantly surpassed the threshold for endocrine-disrupting activity, suggesting that the targeted estrogens in these regions may potentially disrupt the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms. Norgestrel, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 4-tert-octylphenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol B, and bisphenol F were pinpointed as pollutants necessitating urgent concern due to their ecological risks and detection frequencies. These research findings provided valuable insights into the effective management and remediation of emerging pollutants within NAGRRs, thereby contributing to strengthening their protection and biodiversity conservation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182625001304BisphenolMarine protected areasSeasonal variationDistribution coefficientEstrogenic potency
spellingShingle Chong Chen
Huadong Yi
Shaopeng Xu
Yutong Zhang
Qihui Zhao
Ruolan Jia
Chengcheng Bu
Xian Qin
Sheng Bi
Limin Ma
Guifeng Li
Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
Yuefei Ruan
Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea
Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
Bisphenol
Marine protected areas
Seasonal variation
Distribution coefficient
Estrogenic potency
title Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea
title_full Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea
title_fullStr Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea
title_full_unstemmed Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea
title_short Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea
title_sort occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals in three national aquatic germplasm resources reserves in the south china sea
topic Bisphenol
Marine protected areas
Seasonal variation
Distribution coefficient
Estrogenic potency
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182625001304
work_keys_str_mv AT chongchen occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT huadongyi occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT shaopengxu occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT yutongzhang occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT qihuizhao occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT ruolanjia occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT chengchengbu occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT xianqin occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT shengbi occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT liminma occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT guifengli occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT kennethmeiyeeleung occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea
AT yuefeiruan occurrenceandecologicalrisksofendocrinedisruptingchemicalsinthreenationalaquaticgermplasmresourcesreservesinthesouthchinasea