Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea
National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves (NAGRRs) are pivotal protected areas in delivering ecological and socio-economic advantages. This study focuses on three NAGRRs in the South China Sea, meticulously examining the pollution levels of 31 common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) within...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182625001304 |
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| author | Chong Chen Huadong Yi Shaopeng Xu Yutong Zhang Qihui Zhao Ruolan Jia Chengcheng Bu Xian Qin Sheng Bi Limin Ma Guifeng Li Kenneth Mei Yee Leung Yuefei Ruan |
| author_facet | Chong Chen Huadong Yi Shaopeng Xu Yutong Zhang Qihui Zhao Ruolan Jia Chengcheng Bu Xian Qin Sheng Bi Limin Ma Guifeng Li Kenneth Mei Yee Leung Yuefei Ruan |
| author_sort | Chong Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves (NAGRRs) are pivotal protected areas in delivering ecological and socio-economic advantages. This study focuses on three NAGRRs in the South China Sea, meticulously examining the pollution levels of 31 common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) within these protected areas and their surrounding coastal areas. The highest cumulative concentrations in the dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter (SPM) phase, and surface sediment were recorded at 280.59 ng/L in the dry season, 192.89 ng/L in the wet season, and 411.89 ng/g dry weight in the dry season, respectively. The log KD−SED (2.17−5.49 in the wet season and 2.51−5.50 in the dry season) were relatively lower than log KD−SPM (3.21−6.09 during the wet season and 3.79−5.75 during the dry season), suggesting a higher likelihood of EDC distribution to the SPM than surface sediment. The sum of five estradiol equivalent concentrations in the waters of the coastal and protected areas significantly surpassed the threshold for endocrine-disrupting activity, suggesting that the targeted estrogens in these regions may potentially disrupt the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms. Norgestrel, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 4-tert-octylphenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol B, and bisphenol F were pinpointed as pollutants necessitating urgent concern due to their ecological risks and detection frequencies. These research findings provided valuable insights into the effective management and remediation of emerging pollutants within NAGRRs, thereby contributing to strengthening their protection and biodiversity conservation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ad85cd320fa2424ea5090aa8189d8b6b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-1826 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ad85cd320fa2424ea5090aa8189d8b6b2025-08-23T04:49:06ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology2590-18262025-01-0171787179710.1016/j.enceco.2025.08.011Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China SeaChong Chen0Huadong Yi1Shaopeng Xu2Yutong Zhang3Qihui Zhao4Ruolan Jia5Chengcheng Bu6Xian Qin7Sheng Bi8Limin Ma9Guifeng Li10Kenneth Mei Yee Leung11Yuefei Ruan12State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaBureau of Hydrology, Pearl River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou 510610, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; Correspondence to: Guifeng Li, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, China.State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Correspondence to: Kenneth Mei Yee Leung, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, China.State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China; Correspondence to: Yuefei Ruan, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Health, City University of Hong Kong, China.National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves (NAGRRs) are pivotal protected areas in delivering ecological and socio-economic advantages. This study focuses on three NAGRRs in the South China Sea, meticulously examining the pollution levels of 31 common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) within these protected areas and their surrounding coastal areas. The highest cumulative concentrations in the dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter (SPM) phase, and surface sediment were recorded at 280.59 ng/L in the dry season, 192.89 ng/L in the wet season, and 411.89 ng/g dry weight in the dry season, respectively. The log KD−SED (2.17−5.49 in the wet season and 2.51−5.50 in the dry season) were relatively lower than log KD−SPM (3.21−6.09 during the wet season and 3.79−5.75 during the dry season), suggesting a higher likelihood of EDC distribution to the SPM than surface sediment. The sum of five estradiol equivalent concentrations in the waters of the coastal and protected areas significantly surpassed the threshold for endocrine-disrupting activity, suggesting that the targeted estrogens in these regions may potentially disrupt the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms. Norgestrel, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 4-tert-octylphenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol B, and bisphenol F were pinpointed as pollutants necessitating urgent concern due to their ecological risks and detection frequencies. These research findings provided valuable insights into the effective management and remediation of emerging pollutants within NAGRRs, thereby contributing to strengthening their protection and biodiversity conservation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182625001304BisphenolMarine protected areasSeasonal variationDistribution coefficientEstrogenic potency |
| spellingShingle | Chong Chen Huadong Yi Shaopeng Xu Yutong Zhang Qihui Zhao Ruolan Jia Chengcheng Bu Xian Qin Sheng Bi Limin Ma Guifeng Li Kenneth Mei Yee Leung Yuefei Ruan Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Bisphenol Marine protected areas Seasonal variation Distribution coefficient Estrogenic potency |
| title | Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea |
| title_full | Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea |
| title_short | Occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserves in the South China Sea |
| title_sort | occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals in three national aquatic germplasm resources reserves in the south china sea |
| topic | Bisphenol Marine protected areas Seasonal variation Distribution coefficient Estrogenic potency |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182625001304 |
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