Monitoring Construction Workers’ Mental Workload Due to Heat Exposure Using Heart Rate Variability and Eye Movement: A Study on Pipe Workers

Monitoring the mental workload of construction workers is effective in detecting risky subjects because cognitive overload may threaten their safety. This study aimed to measure workers’ mental workload caused by heat exposure using heart rate variability (HRV) and eye movement features. Inexperienc...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shiyi He, Dongsheng Qi, Enkai Guo, Liyun Wang, Yewei Ouyang, Lan Zheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/8/2377
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850155041396097024
author Shiyi He
Dongsheng Qi
Enkai Guo
Liyun Wang
Yewei Ouyang
Lan Zheng
author_facet Shiyi He
Dongsheng Qi
Enkai Guo
Liyun Wang
Yewei Ouyang
Lan Zheng
author_sort Shiyi He
collection DOAJ
description Monitoring the mental workload of construction workers is effective in detecting risky subjects because cognitive overload may threaten their safety. This study aimed to measure workers’ mental workload caused by heat exposure using heart rate variability (HRV) and eye movement features. Inexperienced pipe workers (<i>n</i> = 30) were invited to perform an installation task in a normothermic (26 °C, 50% RH) and a hyperthermic (33 °C, 50% RH) condition. Their HRV and eye movement features were recorded as the inputs of training models classifying mental workload between the two thermal conditions, using supervised machine learning algorithms, including Support Vector Machines (SVM), KNearest Neighbor (KNN), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Random Forest (RF). The results show that applying eight HRV features through the KNN algorithm could obtain the highest classification accuracy of 90.00% (Recall = 0.933, Precision = 0.875, F1 = 0.903, AUC = 0.887). This study could provide a new perspective for monitoring the mental workload of construction workers, and it could also provide a feasible approach for the construction industry to monitor workers’ mental workload in hot conditions.
format Article
id doaj-art-ad78cb8f013a446a81ea2cbf295feed7
institution OA Journals
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-ad78cb8f013a446a81ea2cbf295feed72025-08-20T02:25:04ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-04-01258237710.3390/s25082377Monitoring Construction Workers’ Mental Workload Due to Heat Exposure Using Heart Rate Variability and Eye Movement: A Study on Pipe WorkersShiyi He0Dongsheng Qi1Enkai Guo2Liyun Wang3Yewei Ouyang4Lan Zheng5Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, ChinaKey Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, ChinaKey Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, ChinaKey Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, ChinaCollege of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaKey Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, ChinaMonitoring the mental workload of construction workers is effective in detecting risky subjects because cognitive overload may threaten their safety. This study aimed to measure workers’ mental workload caused by heat exposure using heart rate variability (HRV) and eye movement features. Inexperienced pipe workers (<i>n</i> = 30) were invited to perform an installation task in a normothermic (26 °C, 50% RH) and a hyperthermic (33 °C, 50% RH) condition. Their HRV and eye movement features were recorded as the inputs of training models classifying mental workload between the two thermal conditions, using supervised machine learning algorithms, including Support Vector Machines (SVM), KNearest Neighbor (KNN), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Random Forest (RF). The results show that applying eight HRV features through the KNN algorithm could obtain the highest classification accuracy of 90.00% (Recall = 0.933, Precision = 0.875, F1 = 0.903, AUC = 0.887). This study could provide a new perspective for monitoring the mental workload of construction workers, and it could also provide a feasible approach for the construction industry to monitor workers’ mental workload in hot conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/8/2377mental workloadHRVeye movementheat exposurepipe workers
spellingShingle Shiyi He
Dongsheng Qi
Enkai Guo
Liyun Wang
Yewei Ouyang
Lan Zheng
Monitoring Construction Workers’ Mental Workload Due to Heat Exposure Using Heart Rate Variability and Eye Movement: A Study on Pipe Workers
Sensors
mental workload
HRV
eye movement
heat exposure
pipe workers
title Monitoring Construction Workers’ Mental Workload Due to Heat Exposure Using Heart Rate Variability and Eye Movement: A Study on Pipe Workers
title_full Monitoring Construction Workers’ Mental Workload Due to Heat Exposure Using Heart Rate Variability and Eye Movement: A Study on Pipe Workers
title_fullStr Monitoring Construction Workers’ Mental Workload Due to Heat Exposure Using Heart Rate Variability and Eye Movement: A Study on Pipe Workers
title_full_unstemmed Monitoring Construction Workers’ Mental Workload Due to Heat Exposure Using Heart Rate Variability and Eye Movement: A Study on Pipe Workers
title_short Monitoring Construction Workers’ Mental Workload Due to Heat Exposure Using Heart Rate Variability and Eye Movement: A Study on Pipe Workers
title_sort monitoring construction workers mental workload due to heat exposure using heart rate variability and eye movement a study on pipe workers
topic mental workload
HRV
eye movement
heat exposure
pipe workers
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/8/2377
work_keys_str_mv AT shiyihe monitoringconstructionworkersmentalworkloadduetoheatexposureusingheartratevariabilityandeyemovementastudyonpipeworkers
AT dongshengqi monitoringconstructionworkersmentalworkloadduetoheatexposureusingheartratevariabilityandeyemovementastudyonpipeworkers
AT enkaiguo monitoringconstructionworkersmentalworkloadduetoheatexposureusingheartratevariabilityandeyemovementastudyonpipeworkers
AT liyunwang monitoringconstructionworkersmentalworkloadduetoheatexposureusingheartratevariabilityandeyemovementastudyonpipeworkers
AT yeweiouyang monitoringconstructionworkersmentalworkloadduetoheatexposureusingheartratevariabilityandeyemovementastudyonpipeworkers
AT lanzheng monitoringconstructionworkersmentalworkloadduetoheatexposureusingheartratevariabilityandeyemovementastudyonpipeworkers