Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts.
<h4>Background</h4>Smokers tend to weigh less than never smokers, while successful quitting leads to an increase in body weight. Because smokers and non-smokers may differ in genetic and environmental family background, we analysed data from twin pairs in which the co-twins differed by t...
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2018-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0200140&type=printable |
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| author | Maarit Piirtola Aline Jelenkovic Antti Latvala Reijo Sund Chika Honda Fujio Inui Mikio Watanabe Rie Tomizawa Yoshinori Iwatani Juan R Ordoñana Juan F Sánchez-Romera Lucia Colodro-Conde Adam D Tarnoki David L Tarnoki Nicholas G Martin Grant W Montgomery Sarah E Medland Finn Rasmussen Per Tynelius Qihua Tan Dongfeng Zhang Zengchang Pang Esther Rebato Maria A Stazi Corrado Fagnani Sonia Brescianini Andreas Busjahn Jennifer R Harris Ingunn Brandt Thomas Sevenius Nilsen Tessa L Cutler John L Hopper Robin P Corley Brooke M Huibregtse Joohon Sung Jina Kim Jooyeon Lee Sooji Lee Margaret Gatz David A Butler Carol E Franz William S Kremen Michael J Lyons Patrik K E Magnusson Nancy L Pedersen Anna K Dahl Aslan Sevgi Y Öncel Fazil Aliev Catherine A Derom Robert F Vlietinck Ruth J F Loos Judy L Silberg Hermine H Maes Dorret I Boomsma Thorkild I A Sørensen Tellervo Korhonen Jaakko Kaprio Karri Silventoinen |
| author_facet | Maarit Piirtola Aline Jelenkovic Antti Latvala Reijo Sund Chika Honda Fujio Inui Mikio Watanabe Rie Tomizawa Yoshinori Iwatani Juan R Ordoñana Juan F Sánchez-Romera Lucia Colodro-Conde Adam D Tarnoki David L Tarnoki Nicholas G Martin Grant W Montgomery Sarah E Medland Finn Rasmussen Per Tynelius Qihua Tan Dongfeng Zhang Zengchang Pang Esther Rebato Maria A Stazi Corrado Fagnani Sonia Brescianini Andreas Busjahn Jennifer R Harris Ingunn Brandt Thomas Sevenius Nilsen Tessa L Cutler John L Hopper Robin P Corley Brooke M Huibregtse Joohon Sung Jina Kim Jooyeon Lee Sooji Lee Margaret Gatz David A Butler Carol E Franz William S Kremen Michael J Lyons Patrik K E Magnusson Nancy L Pedersen Anna K Dahl Aslan Sevgi Y Öncel Fazil Aliev Catherine A Derom Robert F Vlietinck Ruth J F Loos Judy L Silberg Hermine H Maes Dorret I Boomsma Thorkild I A Sørensen Tellervo Korhonen Jaakko Kaprio Karri Silventoinen |
| author_sort | Maarit Piirtola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Smokers tend to weigh less than never smokers, while successful quitting leads to an increase in body weight. Because smokers and non-smokers may differ in genetic and environmental family background, we analysed data from twin pairs in which the co-twins differed by their smoking behaviour to evaluate if the association between smoking and body mass index (BMI) remains after controlling for family background.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>The international CODATwins database includes information on smoking and BMI measured between 1960 and 2012 from 156,593 twin individuals 18-69 years of age. Individual-based data (230,378 measurements) and data of smoking discordant twin pairs (altogether 30,014 pairwise measurements, 36% from monozygotic [MZ] pairs) were analysed with linear fixed-effects regression models by 10-year periods. In MZ pairs, the smoking co-twin had, on average, 0.57 kg/m2 lower BMI in men (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49, 0.70) and 0.65 kg/m2 lower BMI in women (95% CI: 0.52, 0.79) than the never smoking co-twin. Former smokers had 0.70 kg/m2 higher BMI among men (95% CI: 0.63, 0.78) and 0.62 kg/m2 higher BMI among women (95% CI: 0.51, 0.73) than their currently smoking MZ co-twins. Little difference in BMI was observed when comparing former smoking co-twins with their never smoking MZ co-twins (0.13 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.04, 0.23 among men; -0.04 kg/m2, 95% CI -0.16, 0.09 among women). The associations were similar within dizygotic pairs and when analysing twins as individuals. The observed series of cross-sectional associations were independent of sex, age, and measurement decade.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Smoking is associated with lower BMI and smoking cessation with higher BMI. However, the net effect of smoking and subsequent cessation on weight development appears to be minimal, i.e. never more than an average of 0.7 kg/m2. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ad481e1eec1846b88be11db23d4fe8fd |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-ad481e1eec1846b88be11db23d4fe8fd2025-08-20T02:54:54ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-01137e020014010.1371/journal.pone.0200140Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts.Maarit PiirtolaAline JelenkovicAntti LatvalaReijo SundChika HondaFujio InuiMikio WatanabeRie TomizawaYoshinori IwataniJuan R OrdoñanaJuan F Sánchez-RomeraLucia Colodro-CondeAdam D TarnokiDavid L TarnokiNicholas G MartinGrant W MontgomerySarah E MedlandFinn RasmussenPer TyneliusQihua TanDongfeng ZhangZengchang PangEsther RebatoMaria A StaziCorrado FagnaniSonia BrescianiniAndreas BusjahnJennifer R HarrisIngunn BrandtThomas Sevenius NilsenTessa L CutlerJohn L HopperRobin P CorleyBrooke M HuibregtseJoohon SungJina KimJooyeon LeeSooji LeeMargaret GatzDavid A ButlerCarol E FranzWilliam S KremenMichael J LyonsPatrik K E MagnussonNancy L PedersenAnna K Dahl AslanSevgi Y ÖncelFazil AlievCatherine A DeromRobert F VlietinckRuth J F LoosJudy L SilbergHermine H MaesDorret I BoomsmaThorkild I A SørensenTellervo KorhonenJaakko KaprioKarri Silventoinen<h4>Background</h4>Smokers tend to weigh less than never smokers, while successful quitting leads to an increase in body weight. Because smokers and non-smokers may differ in genetic and environmental family background, we analysed data from twin pairs in which the co-twins differed by their smoking behaviour to evaluate if the association between smoking and body mass index (BMI) remains after controlling for family background.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>The international CODATwins database includes information on smoking and BMI measured between 1960 and 2012 from 156,593 twin individuals 18-69 years of age. Individual-based data (230,378 measurements) and data of smoking discordant twin pairs (altogether 30,014 pairwise measurements, 36% from monozygotic [MZ] pairs) were analysed with linear fixed-effects regression models by 10-year periods. In MZ pairs, the smoking co-twin had, on average, 0.57 kg/m2 lower BMI in men (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49, 0.70) and 0.65 kg/m2 lower BMI in women (95% CI: 0.52, 0.79) than the never smoking co-twin. Former smokers had 0.70 kg/m2 higher BMI among men (95% CI: 0.63, 0.78) and 0.62 kg/m2 higher BMI among women (95% CI: 0.51, 0.73) than their currently smoking MZ co-twins. Little difference in BMI was observed when comparing former smoking co-twins with their never smoking MZ co-twins (0.13 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.04, 0.23 among men; -0.04 kg/m2, 95% CI -0.16, 0.09 among women). The associations were similar within dizygotic pairs and when analysing twins as individuals. The observed series of cross-sectional associations were independent of sex, age, and measurement decade.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Smoking is associated with lower BMI and smoking cessation with higher BMI. However, the net effect of smoking and subsequent cessation on weight development appears to be minimal, i.e. never more than an average of 0.7 kg/m2.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0200140&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Maarit Piirtola Aline Jelenkovic Antti Latvala Reijo Sund Chika Honda Fujio Inui Mikio Watanabe Rie Tomizawa Yoshinori Iwatani Juan R Ordoñana Juan F Sánchez-Romera Lucia Colodro-Conde Adam D Tarnoki David L Tarnoki Nicholas G Martin Grant W Montgomery Sarah E Medland Finn Rasmussen Per Tynelius Qihua Tan Dongfeng Zhang Zengchang Pang Esther Rebato Maria A Stazi Corrado Fagnani Sonia Brescianini Andreas Busjahn Jennifer R Harris Ingunn Brandt Thomas Sevenius Nilsen Tessa L Cutler John L Hopper Robin P Corley Brooke M Huibregtse Joohon Sung Jina Kim Jooyeon Lee Sooji Lee Margaret Gatz David A Butler Carol E Franz William S Kremen Michael J Lyons Patrik K E Magnusson Nancy L Pedersen Anna K Dahl Aslan Sevgi Y Öncel Fazil Aliev Catherine A Derom Robert F Vlietinck Ruth J F Loos Judy L Silberg Hermine H Maes Dorret I Boomsma Thorkild I A Sørensen Tellervo Korhonen Jaakko Kaprio Karri Silventoinen Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts. PLoS ONE |
| title | Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts. |
| title_full | Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts. |
| title_fullStr | Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts. |
| title_short | Association of current and former smoking with body mass index: A study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts. |
| title_sort | association of current and former smoking with body mass index a study of smoking discordant twin pairs from 21 twin cohorts |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0200140&type=printable |
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