An enhanced emission module for the PALM model system 23.10 with application for PM<sub>10</sub> emission from urban domestic heating
<p>This article presents an enhanced emission module for the PALM model system, which collects discrete emission sources from different emission sectors and assigns them dynamically to the prognostic equations for specific pollutant species as volumetric source terms. Bidirectional lookups bet...
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| Format: | Article |
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Copernicus Publications
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Geoscientific Model Development |
| Online Access: | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/18/1119/2025/gmd-18-1119-2025.pdf |
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| author | E. C. Chan E. C. Chan I. J. Jäkel B. Khan B. Khan B. Khan M. Schaap M. Schaap T. M. Butler T. M. Butler R. Forkel R. Forkel S. Banzhaf |
| author_facet | E. C. Chan E. C. Chan I. J. Jäkel B. Khan B. Khan B. Khan M. Schaap M. Schaap T. M. Butler T. M. Butler R. Forkel R. Forkel S. Banzhaf |
| author_sort | E. C. Chan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>This article presents an enhanced emission module for the PALM model system, which collects discrete emission sources from different emission sectors and assigns them dynamically to the prognostic equations for specific pollutant species as volumetric source terms. Bidirectional lookups between each source location and cell index are maintained by using a hash key approach, while allowing all emission source modules to be conceived, developed, and operated in a homogeneous and mutually independent manner. An additional generic emission mode has also been implemented to allow for the use of external emission data in simulation runs. Results from benchmark runs indicate a high level of performance and scalability. Subsequently, a module for modeling parametrized emissions from domestic heating is implemented under this framework, using the approach of building energy usage and temperature deficit as a generalized form of heating degree days. A model run has been executed under idealized conditions by solely considering dispersion of PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>10</sub></span> from domestic heating sources. The results demonstrate a strong overall dependence on the strength and clustering of individual sources, diurnal variation in domestic heat usage, and the temperature deficit between the ambient temperature and the user-defined target temperature. Vertical transport additionally contributes to a rapid attenuation of daytime PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>10</sub></span>. Although urban topology plays a minor role on the pollutant concentrations at ground level, it has a relevant contribution to the vertical pollutant distribution.</p> |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ad3a1ec582974146a7ce5328c624a894 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1991-959X 1991-9603 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geoscientific Model Development |
| spelling | doaj-art-ad3a1ec582974146a7ce5328c624a8942025-08-20T02:45:33ZengCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032025-02-01181119113910.5194/gmd-18-1119-2025An enhanced emission module for the PALM model system 23.10 with application for PM<sub>10</sub> emission from urban domestic heatingE. C. Chan0E. C. Chan1I. J. Jäkel2B. Khan3B. Khan4B. Khan5M. Schaap6M. Schaap7T. M. Butler8T. M. Butler9R. Forkel10R. Forkel11S. Banzhaf12Institut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, GermanyResearch Institute for Sustainability, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam (RIFS), Potsdam, GermanyInstitut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, GermanyMubadala Arabian Center for Climate and Environmental Sciences (ACCESS), New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emiratesformerly at: Institut für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (IPF), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germanyformerly at: Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung Atmosphärische Umweltforschung, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, GermanyInstitut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, GermanyNederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO), Utrecht, the NetherlandsInstitut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, GermanyResearch Institute for Sustainability, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam (RIFS), Potsdam, Germanyformerly at: Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung Atmosphärische Umweltforschung, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, GermanyretiredInstitut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany<p>This article presents an enhanced emission module for the PALM model system, which collects discrete emission sources from different emission sectors and assigns them dynamically to the prognostic equations for specific pollutant species as volumetric source terms. Bidirectional lookups between each source location and cell index are maintained by using a hash key approach, while allowing all emission source modules to be conceived, developed, and operated in a homogeneous and mutually independent manner. An additional generic emission mode has also been implemented to allow for the use of external emission data in simulation runs. Results from benchmark runs indicate a high level of performance and scalability. Subsequently, a module for modeling parametrized emissions from domestic heating is implemented under this framework, using the approach of building energy usage and temperature deficit as a generalized form of heating degree days. A model run has been executed under idealized conditions by solely considering dispersion of PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>10</sub></span> from domestic heating sources. The results demonstrate a strong overall dependence on the strength and clustering of individual sources, diurnal variation in domestic heat usage, and the temperature deficit between the ambient temperature and the user-defined target temperature. Vertical transport additionally contributes to a rapid attenuation of daytime PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>10</sub></span>. Although urban topology plays a minor role on the pollutant concentrations at ground level, it has a relevant contribution to the vertical pollutant distribution.</p>https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/18/1119/2025/gmd-18-1119-2025.pdf |
| spellingShingle | E. C. Chan E. C. Chan I. J. Jäkel B. Khan B. Khan B. Khan M. Schaap M. Schaap T. M. Butler T. M. Butler R. Forkel R. Forkel S. Banzhaf An enhanced emission module for the PALM model system 23.10 with application for PM<sub>10</sub> emission from urban domestic heating Geoscientific Model Development |
| title | An enhanced emission module for the PALM model system 23.10 with application for PM<sub>10</sub> emission from urban domestic heating |
| title_full | An enhanced emission module for the PALM model system 23.10 with application for PM<sub>10</sub> emission from urban domestic heating |
| title_fullStr | An enhanced emission module for the PALM model system 23.10 with application for PM<sub>10</sub> emission from urban domestic heating |
| title_full_unstemmed | An enhanced emission module for the PALM model system 23.10 with application for PM<sub>10</sub> emission from urban domestic heating |
| title_short | An enhanced emission module for the PALM model system 23.10 with application for PM<sub>10</sub> emission from urban domestic heating |
| title_sort | enhanced emission module for the palm model system 23 10 with application for pm sub 10 sub emission from urban domestic heating |
| url | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/18/1119/2025/gmd-18-1119-2025.pdf |
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