Role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management: Insights into mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical application
Background/Objective: New approaches to prevention and treatment are necessary for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a major worldwide health issue. Phytochemicals and bioactive compounds of plant origin have attracted much interest due to their potential role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular di...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Phytomedicine Plus |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667031324001696 |
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| author | Esther Ugo Alum |
| author_facet | Esther Ugo Alum |
| author_sort | Esther Ugo Alum |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/Objective: New approaches to prevention and treatment are necessary for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a major worldwide health issue. Phytochemicals and bioactive compounds of plant origin have attracted much interest due to their potential role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This review article aims to discuss phytochemicals in CVD management, including their mechanisms of action, benefits, and applications in detail. The review analyzes findings from clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and preclinical research to explain how these phytochemicals are effective in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. We also consider limitations, including phytochemical bioavailability, the appropriate dosage, and possible combinations with other treatments. Methods: The data for the review were obtained from articles in peer-reviewed journals, clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other studies published within the last decade. A thorough search was conducted in four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as phytochemicals and CVDs. Results: In this study, polyphenols, carotenoids, glucosinolates, saponins, and tannins, were the various classes of phytochemicals. Multiple mechanisms, such as combating oxidative stress, controlling inflammation, enhancing the function of endothelial cells, regulating lipid levels, preventing platelet clot formation, and managing blood pressure, have demonstrated the cardiovascular benefits of these phytochemicals. The study highlights most prominent phytochemicals such as flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, catechins), carotenoids (e.g., lycopene, beta-carotene), and glucosinolates (e.g., sulforaphane), all of which have significant roles in enhancing cardiovascular health. Conclusion: The current evidence suggests that phytochemicals could significantly contribute to the prevention and treatment of CVDs through dietary and therapeutic interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ad329fec48ed4cca903bc43408b91f8c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2667-0313 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Phytomedicine Plus |
| spelling | doaj-art-ad329fec48ed4cca903bc43408b91f8c2025-02-10T04:35:09ZengElsevierPhytomedicine Plus2667-03132025-02-0151100695Role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management: Insights into mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical applicationEsther Ugo Alum0Department of Research and Publications, Kampala International University, P. O. Box 20000, Uganda; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, NigeriaBackground/Objective: New approaches to prevention and treatment are necessary for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a major worldwide health issue. Phytochemicals and bioactive compounds of plant origin have attracted much interest due to their potential role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This review article aims to discuss phytochemicals in CVD management, including their mechanisms of action, benefits, and applications in detail. The review analyzes findings from clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and preclinical research to explain how these phytochemicals are effective in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. We also consider limitations, including phytochemical bioavailability, the appropriate dosage, and possible combinations with other treatments. Methods: The data for the review were obtained from articles in peer-reviewed journals, clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other studies published within the last decade. A thorough search was conducted in four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as phytochemicals and CVDs. Results: In this study, polyphenols, carotenoids, glucosinolates, saponins, and tannins, were the various classes of phytochemicals. Multiple mechanisms, such as combating oxidative stress, controlling inflammation, enhancing the function of endothelial cells, regulating lipid levels, preventing platelet clot formation, and managing blood pressure, have demonstrated the cardiovascular benefits of these phytochemicals. The study highlights most prominent phytochemicals such as flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, catechins), carotenoids (e.g., lycopene, beta-carotene), and glucosinolates (e.g., sulforaphane), all of which have significant roles in enhancing cardiovascular health. Conclusion: The current evidence suggests that phytochemicals could significantly contribute to the prevention and treatment of CVDs through dietary and therapeutic interventions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667031324001696PhytochemicalsCardiovascular diseasesAntioxidantsInflammationLipid profilesHypertension |
| spellingShingle | Esther Ugo Alum Role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management: Insights into mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical application Phytomedicine Plus Phytochemicals Cardiovascular diseases Antioxidants Inflammation Lipid profiles Hypertension |
| title | Role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management: Insights into mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical application |
| title_full | Role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management: Insights into mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical application |
| title_fullStr | Role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management: Insights into mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management: Insights into mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical application |
| title_short | Role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management: Insights into mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical application |
| title_sort | role of phytochemicals in cardiovascular disease management insights into mechanisms efficacy and clinical application |
| topic | Phytochemicals Cardiovascular diseases Antioxidants Inflammation Lipid profiles Hypertension |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667031324001696 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT estherugoalum roleofphytochemicalsincardiovasculardiseasemanagementinsightsintomechanismsefficacyandclinicalapplication |