Multifunctional 4D-printed redox-responsive needle panel meter employing geometric changes for glucose and lactate concentration measurements
Most biosensors routinely used for the detection of body metabolites commonly suffer from low patient compliance due to invasive sampling, high cost, and lack of portability for point-of-care (POC) diagnostic applications. Thus, we aimed to fabricate robust, user-friendly, affordable, and redox-resp...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Materials & Design |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127525006483 |
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| Summary: | Most biosensors routinely used for the detection of body metabolites commonly suffer from low patient compliance due to invasive sampling, high cost, and lack of portability for point-of-care (POC) diagnostic applications. Thus, we aimed to fabricate robust, user-friendly, affordable, and redox-responsive four-dimensional (4D)-printed needle panel meter (NPM) from 2,2ꞌ-(Ethylenedioxy)diethanethiol (EDDT) and Phrozen resin (PR) for glucose (GLU) and lactate (LAC) detection from blood, sweat and urine samples. Optimal needle bending was noticed upon the addition of target analytes into the NPM containing glucose oxidase (GOx, 5 U/mL, pH = 5.0, 20 min) or lactate oxidase (LOx, 0.01 U/mL, pH = 7.0, 45 min) and reversed back when reduced with NaBH4 (1.25 wt%). To ensure its feasibility and equitable distribution in underprivileged sub-Saharan African countries (SSACs), three sets of concentration scale marks analogous to the temperature ranges of 20-26℃, 27-33℃, and 34-40℃ were adopted. The NPM precisely measured significantly low concentrations of GLU and LAC in high-salt matrix samples with considerably low limits of detection (LOD): 0.21 and 0.11 µM, respectively. In conclusion, the reusability, storage stability, and ease of needle maintenance make the NPM desirable for the quantitative determination of GLU and LAC from complex biological samples. |
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| ISSN: | 0264-1275 |