Effects of Biofertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops and Properties of Soil Under Field Conditions in China: A Meta-Analysis

Biofertilizers play a crucial role in promoting sustainable agriculture in China; however, comprehensive quantification of their effects and limitations in field conditions remain unclear. In this study, a meta-analysis encompassing 1818 comparisons from 107 studies was conducted to quantify their s...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Baolei Pei, Ting Liu, Ziyan Xue, Jian Cao, Yunpeng Zhang, Mulan Yu, Engang Liu, Jincheng Xing, Feibing Wang, Xuqin Ren, Zhenhua Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1066
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849327758077853696
author Baolei Pei
Ting Liu
Ziyan Xue
Jian Cao
Yunpeng Zhang
Mulan Yu
Engang Liu
Jincheng Xing
Feibing Wang
Xuqin Ren
Zhenhua Zhang
author_facet Baolei Pei
Ting Liu
Ziyan Xue
Jian Cao
Yunpeng Zhang
Mulan Yu
Engang Liu
Jincheng Xing
Feibing Wang
Xuqin Ren
Zhenhua Zhang
author_sort Baolei Pei
collection DOAJ
description Biofertilizers play a crucial role in promoting sustainable agriculture in China; however, comprehensive quantification of their effects and limitations in field conditions remain unclear. In this study, a meta-analysis encompassing 1818 comparisons from 107 studies was conducted to quantify their systematic effects in field conditions in China. The results demonstrated that biofertilizers enhanced crop yields across 21 of the 23 investigated crops, with notable increases in millet (+65.42%), vegetables (e.g., Chinese cabbage +35.57%, ginger +39.18%), and legumes (kidney beans +54.03%), while cotton and rapeseed showed non-significant improvements. Nutritional quality was also improved, as evidenced by elevated levels of vitamin C (14.61%), protein (16.61%), and carotenoids (15.18%), alongside a reduction in nitrate content (21.94%). Soil health was significantly improved through increased organic matter (16.64%), enhanced enzymatic activities (urease: 57.60%; phosphatase: 43.51%), and a proliferation of beneficial microbes (bacteria: 157.10%; fungi: 30.28%), while pathogenic organisms were suppressed by 51.81%. The observed yield improvements were attributed to enhanced nutrient availability (total nitrogen: 16.67%; available phosphorus: 10.98%), optimized root growth (19.23% increase in volume), and a reduction in disease incidence (42.52%). The efficacy of biofertilizers was maximized when they were used in conjunction with organic amendments, resulting in a 29.20% increase in yield, particularly when applied prior to planting. These results show that biofertilizers boost productivity, quality, and soil functionality, depending on their production and field management practices. Their effectiveness is tied to optimizing soil properties and suppressing pathogens, providing strategies for sustainable agriculture in China.
format Article
id doaj-art-ad07fb9d45f34cb2be764534b0150794
institution Kabale University
issn 2077-0472
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Agriculture
spelling doaj-art-ad07fb9d45f34cb2be764534b01507942025-08-20T03:47:48ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722025-05-011510106610.3390/agriculture15101066Effects of Biofertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops and Properties of Soil Under Field Conditions in China: A Meta-AnalysisBaolei Pei0Ting Liu1Ziyan Xue2Jian Cao3Yunpeng Zhang4Mulan Yu5Engang Liu6Jincheng Xing7Feibing Wang8Xuqin Ren9Zhenhua Zhang10Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng 224002, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, ChinaJiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng 224002, ChinaBiofertilizers play a crucial role in promoting sustainable agriculture in China; however, comprehensive quantification of their effects and limitations in field conditions remain unclear. In this study, a meta-analysis encompassing 1818 comparisons from 107 studies was conducted to quantify their systematic effects in field conditions in China. The results demonstrated that biofertilizers enhanced crop yields across 21 of the 23 investigated crops, with notable increases in millet (+65.42%), vegetables (e.g., Chinese cabbage +35.57%, ginger +39.18%), and legumes (kidney beans +54.03%), while cotton and rapeseed showed non-significant improvements. Nutritional quality was also improved, as evidenced by elevated levels of vitamin C (14.61%), protein (16.61%), and carotenoids (15.18%), alongside a reduction in nitrate content (21.94%). Soil health was significantly improved through increased organic matter (16.64%), enhanced enzymatic activities (urease: 57.60%; phosphatase: 43.51%), and a proliferation of beneficial microbes (bacteria: 157.10%; fungi: 30.28%), while pathogenic organisms were suppressed by 51.81%. The observed yield improvements were attributed to enhanced nutrient availability (total nitrogen: 16.67%; available phosphorus: 10.98%), optimized root growth (19.23% increase in volume), and a reduction in disease incidence (42.52%). The efficacy of biofertilizers was maximized when they were used in conjunction with organic amendments, resulting in a 29.20% increase in yield, particularly when applied prior to planting. These results show that biofertilizers boost productivity, quality, and soil functionality, depending on their production and field management practices. Their effectiveness is tied to optimizing soil properties and suppressing pathogens, providing strategies for sustainable agriculture in China.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1066biofertilizeryieldqualityfield conditionmeta-analysis
spellingShingle Baolei Pei
Ting Liu
Ziyan Xue
Jian Cao
Yunpeng Zhang
Mulan Yu
Engang Liu
Jincheng Xing
Feibing Wang
Xuqin Ren
Zhenhua Zhang
Effects of Biofertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops and Properties of Soil Under Field Conditions in China: A Meta-Analysis
Agriculture
biofertilizer
yield
quality
field condition
meta-analysis
title Effects of Biofertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops and Properties of Soil Under Field Conditions in China: A Meta-Analysis
title_full Effects of Biofertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops and Properties of Soil Under Field Conditions in China: A Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Effects of Biofertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops and Properties of Soil Under Field Conditions in China: A Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Biofertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops and Properties of Soil Under Field Conditions in China: A Meta-Analysis
title_short Effects of Biofertilizer on Yield and Quality of Crops and Properties of Soil Under Field Conditions in China: A Meta-Analysis
title_sort effects of biofertilizer on yield and quality of crops and properties of soil under field conditions in china a meta analysis
topic biofertilizer
yield
quality
field condition
meta-analysis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1066
work_keys_str_mv AT baoleipei effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT tingliu effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT ziyanxue effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT jiancao effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT yunpengzhang effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT mulanyu effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT engangliu effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT jinchengxing effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT feibingwang effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT xuqinren effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis
AT zhenhuazhang effectsofbiofertilizeronyieldandqualityofcropsandpropertiesofsoilunderfieldconditionsinchinaametaanalysis