Climate Warming-Driven Expansion and Retreat of Alpine Scree in the Third Pole over the Past 45 Years

Alpine scree, a distinctive plateau ecosystem, serves as habitat for numerous rare and endangered species. However, current research does not differentiate it from desert in terms of spatial boundary, hindering biodiversity conservation and ecological monitoring efforts. Using the Tibetan Plateau as...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Guanshi Zhang, Bingfang Wu, Lingxiao Ying, Yu Zhao, Li Zhang, Mengru Cheng, Liang Zhu, Lu Zhang, Zhiyun Ouyang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/15/2611
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849406445491060736
author Guanshi Zhang
Bingfang Wu
Lingxiao Ying
Yu Zhao
Li Zhang
Mengru Cheng
Liang Zhu
Lu Zhang
Zhiyun Ouyang
author_facet Guanshi Zhang
Bingfang Wu
Lingxiao Ying
Yu Zhao
Li Zhang
Mengru Cheng
Liang Zhu
Lu Zhang
Zhiyun Ouyang
author_sort Guanshi Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Alpine scree, a distinctive plateau ecosystem, serves as habitat for numerous rare and endangered species. However, current research does not differentiate it from desert in terms of spatial boundary, hindering biodiversity conservation and ecological monitoring efforts. Using the Tibetan Plateau as a case study, we defined the spatial boundary of alpine scree based on its surface formation process and examined its distribution and long-term evolution. The results show that in 2020, alpine scree on the Tibetan Plateau covered 73,735.34 km<sup>2</sup>, 1.5 times the area of glaciers. Alpine scree is mostly distributed at elevations between 4000 and 6000 m, with a slope of approximately 30–40 degrees. Characterized by low temperature and sparse rainfall, the regions are located in the humid zone. From 1975 to 2020, the area of alpine scree initially increased before declining, with an overall decrease of 560.68 km<sup>2</sup>. Climate warming was the primary driver of these changes, leading to an increase in scree from 1975 to 1995 and a decrease in scree from 1995 to 2020. Additionally, between 1975 and 2020, the Tibetan Plateau’s grasslands shifted upward by 16.47 km<sup>2</sup>. This study enhances our understanding of the spatial distribution and dynamics of this unique ecosystem, alpine scree, offering new insights into climate change impacts on alpine ecosystems.
format Article
id doaj-art-acb09b105f8a484ba976b579f5824209
institution Kabale University
issn 2072-4292
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Remote Sensing
spelling doaj-art-acb09b105f8a484ba976b579f58242092025-08-20T03:36:22ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-07-011715261110.3390/rs17152611Climate Warming-Driven Expansion and Retreat of Alpine Scree in the Third Pole over the Past 45 YearsGuanshi Zhang0Bingfang Wu1Lingxiao Ying2Yu Zhao3Li Zhang4Mengru Cheng5Liang Zhu6Lu Zhang7Zhiyun Ouyang8State Key Laboratory for Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaAlpine scree, a distinctive plateau ecosystem, serves as habitat for numerous rare and endangered species. However, current research does not differentiate it from desert in terms of spatial boundary, hindering biodiversity conservation and ecological monitoring efforts. Using the Tibetan Plateau as a case study, we defined the spatial boundary of alpine scree based on its surface formation process and examined its distribution and long-term evolution. The results show that in 2020, alpine scree on the Tibetan Plateau covered 73,735.34 km<sup>2</sup>, 1.5 times the area of glaciers. Alpine scree is mostly distributed at elevations between 4000 and 6000 m, with a slope of approximately 30–40 degrees. Characterized by low temperature and sparse rainfall, the regions are located in the humid zone. From 1975 to 2020, the area of alpine scree initially increased before declining, with an overall decrease of 560.68 km<sup>2</sup>. Climate warming was the primary driver of these changes, leading to an increase in scree from 1975 to 1995 and a decrease in scree from 1995 to 2020. Additionally, between 1975 and 2020, the Tibetan Plateau’s grasslands shifted upward by 16.47 km<sup>2</sup>. This study enhances our understanding of the spatial distribution and dynamics of this unique ecosystem, alpine scree, offering new insights into climate change impacts on alpine ecosystems.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/15/2611alpine screescree surface formation processspatial boundaryspatial patternclimate changethe Tibetan Plateau
spellingShingle Guanshi Zhang
Bingfang Wu
Lingxiao Ying
Yu Zhao
Li Zhang
Mengru Cheng
Liang Zhu
Lu Zhang
Zhiyun Ouyang
Climate Warming-Driven Expansion and Retreat of Alpine Scree in the Third Pole over the Past 45 Years
Remote Sensing
alpine scree
scree surface formation process
spatial boundary
spatial pattern
climate change
the Tibetan Plateau
title Climate Warming-Driven Expansion and Retreat of Alpine Scree in the Third Pole over the Past 45 Years
title_full Climate Warming-Driven Expansion and Retreat of Alpine Scree in the Third Pole over the Past 45 Years
title_fullStr Climate Warming-Driven Expansion and Retreat of Alpine Scree in the Third Pole over the Past 45 Years
title_full_unstemmed Climate Warming-Driven Expansion and Retreat of Alpine Scree in the Third Pole over the Past 45 Years
title_short Climate Warming-Driven Expansion and Retreat of Alpine Scree in the Third Pole over the Past 45 Years
title_sort climate warming driven expansion and retreat of alpine scree in the third pole over the past 45 years
topic alpine scree
scree surface formation process
spatial boundary
spatial pattern
climate change
the Tibetan Plateau
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/15/2611
work_keys_str_mv AT guanshizhang climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years
AT bingfangwu climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years
AT lingxiaoying climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years
AT yuzhao climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years
AT lizhang climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years
AT mengrucheng climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years
AT liangzhu climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years
AT luzhang climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years
AT zhiyunouyang climatewarmingdrivenexpansionandretreatofalpinescreeinthethirdpoleoverthepast45years