Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Induced Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Diagnostic Conundrum

The purpose of this retrospective case report study was to report a case of young immunocompetent male with herpes simplex virus-induced (HSV) acute retinal necrosis (ARN) with initial diagnosis of unilateral disc swelling. A 32-year-old male with no significant medical history presented with blurre...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Vipin Rana, Amit Nandan Tripathi, Nidhi Kalra, N. Madhu, Sudhir Dubey, Sandeepan Bandopadhyay
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-04-01
Series:Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_99_24
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849421445817434112
author Vipin Rana
Amit Nandan Tripathi
Nidhi Kalra
N. Madhu
Sudhir Dubey
Sandeepan Bandopadhyay
author_facet Vipin Rana
Amit Nandan Tripathi
Nidhi Kalra
N. Madhu
Sudhir Dubey
Sandeepan Bandopadhyay
author_sort Vipin Rana
collection DOAJ
description The purpose of this retrospective case report study was to report a case of young immunocompetent male with herpes simplex virus-induced (HSV) acute retinal necrosis (ARN) with initial diagnosis of unilateral disc swelling. A 32-year-old male with no significant medical history presented with blurred vision, periorbital pain, and redness in the left eye. Initial diagnosis of the left optic neuritis led to treatment with high-dose corticosteroids. Subsequent examination revealed circumferential tongue-shaped lesions in the peripheral retina in both the eyes, leading to the diagnosis of bilateral ARN. Aqueous humor analysis confirmed HSV-2 infection. Treatment with oral valacyclovir and oral steroids was initiated. However, the patient developed left eye retinal detachment, requiring surgery. Prophylactic laser photocoagulation was performed in the right eye to prevent detachment. Postoperative improvements included retinitis lesion healing and vision restoration to 6/36 in the left eye. Close monitoring and detailed dilated fundus examination, including the peripheral retina, are crucial for patients with disc swelling of unclear cause to rule out ARN.
format Article
id doaj-art-acaeca0a4e4d498dbefb844f32da5c9a
institution Kabale University
issn 0972-0200
2454-2784
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
spelling doaj-art-acaeca0a4e4d498dbefb844f32da5c9a2025-08-20T03:31:27ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsDelhi Journal of Ophthalmology0972-02002454-27842025-04-0135212512710.4103/DLJO.DLJO_99_24Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Induced Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Diagnostic ConundrumVipin RanaAmit Nandan TripathiNidhi KalraN. MadhuSudhir DubeySandeepan BandopadhyayThe purpose of this retrospective case report study was to report a case of young immunocompetent male with herpes simplex virus-induced (HSV) acute retinal necrosis (ARN) with initial diagnosis of unilateral disc swelling. A 32-year-old male with no significant medical history presented with blurred vision, periorbital pain, and redness in the left eye. Initial diagnosis of the left optic neuritis led to treatment with high-dose corticosteroids. Subsequent examination revealed circumferential tongue-shaped lesions in the peripheral retina in both the eyes, leading to the diagnosis of bilateral ARN. Aqueous humor analysis confirmed HSV-2 infection. Treatment with oral valacyclovir and oral steroids was initiated. However, the patient developed left eye retinal detachment, requiring surgery. Prophylactic laser photocoagulation was performed in the right eye to prevent detachment. Postoperative improvements included retinitis lesion healing and vision restoration to 6/36 in the left eye. Close monitoring and detailed dilated fundus examination, including the peripheral retina, are crucial for patients with disc swelling of unclear cause to rule out ARN.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_99_24disc swellingherpes simplex acute retinal necrosisimmunocompetentoptic neuritissteroids
spellingShingle Vipin Rana
Amit Nandan Tripathi
Nidhi Kalra
N. Madhu
Sudhir Dubey
Sandeepan Bandopadhyay
Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Induced Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Diagnostic Conundrum
Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
disc swelling
herpes simplex acute retinal necrosis
immunocompetent
optic neuritis
steroids
title Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Induced Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Diagnostic Conundrum
title_full Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Induced Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Diagnostic Conundrum
title_fullStr Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Induced Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Diagnostic Conundrum
title_full_unstemmed Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Induced Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Diagnostic Conundrum
title_short Herpes Simplex Virus 2-Induced Acute Retinal Necrosis in an Immunocompetent Young Adult: A Diagnostic Conundrum
title_sort herpes simplex virus 2 induced acute retinal necrosis in an immunocompetent young adult a diagnostic conundrum
topic disc swelling
herpes simplex acute retinal necrosis
immunocompetent
optic neuritis
steroids
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_99_24
work_keys_str_mv AT vipinrana herpessimplexvirus2inducedacuteretinalnecrosisinanimmunocompetentyoungadultadiagnosticconundrum
AT amitnandantripathi herpessimplexvirus2inducedacuteretinalnecrosisinanimmunocompetentyoungadultadiagnosticconundrum
AT nidhikalra herpessimplexvirus2inducedacuteretinalnecrosisinanimmunocompetentyoungadultadiagnosticconundrum
AT nmadhu herpessimplexvirus2inducedacuteretinalnecrosisinanimmunocompetentyoungadultadiagnosticconundrum
AT sudhirdubey herpessimplexvirus2inducedacuteretinalnecrosisinanimmunocompetentyoungadultadiagnosticconundrum
AT sandeepanbandopadhyay herpessimplexvirus2inducedacuteretinalnecrosisinanimmunocompetentyoungadultadiagnosticconundrum