Planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolution

Body axis specification is a crucial event in animal embryogenesis and was an essential evolutionary innovation for founding the animal kingdom. This process involves two distinct components that coordinate to establish the spatial organisation of the embryo: initiation of cascades of regionalised g...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Julie Uveira, Antoine Donati, Marvin Léria, Marion Lechable, François Lahaye, Christine Vesque, Evelyn Houliston, Tsuyoshi Momose
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2025-07-01
Series:eLife
Subjects:
Online Access:https://elifesciences.org/articles/104508
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850111932277719040
author Julie Uveira
Antoine Donati
Marvin Léria
Marion Lechable
François Lahaye
Christine Vesque
Evelyn Houliston
Tsuyoshi Momose
author_facet Julie Uveira
Antoine Donati
Marvin Léria
Marion Lechable
François Lahaye
Christine Vesque
Evelyn Houliston
Tsuyoshi Momose
author_sort Julie Uveira
collection DOAJ
description Body axis specification is a crucial event in animal embryogenesis and was an essential evolutionary innovation for founding the animal kingdom. This process involves two distinct components that coordinate to establish the spatial organisation of the embryo: initiation of cascades of regionalised gene expression and orientation of morphogenetic processes such as body elongation. Intense interest in the first component has revealed Wnt/β-catenin signalling as ancestrally responsible for initiating regional gene expression, but the evolutionary origin of oriented morphogenesis has received little attention. Here, by addressing the cell and morphological basis of body axis development in embryos of the cnidarian Clytia hemisphaerica, we have uncovered a simple and likely ancestral coordination mechanism between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and directed morphogenesis. We show that the ligand Wnt3, known to initiate oral gene expression via localised Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, also has a key β-catenin-independent role in globally orienting planar cell polarity (PCP) to direct morphogenesis along the oral-aboral axis. This PCP orientation occurs in two distinct steps: local orientation by Wnt3 and global propagation by conserved core PCP protein interactions along the body axis. From these findings, we propose novel scenarios for PCP-driven symmetry-breaking underlying the emergence of the animal body plan.
format Article
id doaj-art-ac8e2dcc4c264916a3ca93caab65b6b8
institution OA Journals
issn 2050-084X
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
record_format Article
series eLife
spelling doaj-art-ac8e2dcc4c264916a3ca93caab65b6b82025-08-20T02:37:30ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2025-07-011410.7554/eLife.104508Planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolutionJulie Uveira0Antoine Donati1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3616-3915Marvin Léria2https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5287-4123Marion Lechable3https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5307-7608François Lahaye4Christine Vesque5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7983-4953Evelyn Houliston6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9264-2585Tsuyoshi Momose7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3806-3408Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV- UMR7009), Villefranche-sur-mer, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7622, INSERM U1156, Institut de Biologie ParisSeine (IBPS)-Developmental Biology Unit, Paris, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV- UMR7009), Villefranche-sur-mer, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV- UMR7009), Villefranche-sur-mer, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV- UMR7009), Villefranche-sur-mer, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7622, INSERM U1156, Institut de Biologie ParisSeine (IBPS)-Developmental Biology Unit, Paris, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV- UMR7009), Villefranche-sur-mer, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV- UMR7009), Villefranche-sur-mer, FranceBody axis specification is a crucial event in animal embryogenesis and was an essential evolutionary innovation for founding the animal kingdom. This process involves two distinct components that coordinate to establish the spatial organisation of the embryo: initiation of cascades of regionalised gene expression and orientation of morphogenetic processes such as body elongation. Intense interest in the first component has revealed Wnt/β-catenin signalling as ancestrally responsible for initiating regional gene expression, but the evolutionary origin of oriented morphogenesis has received little attention. Here, by addressing the cell and morphological basis of body axis development in embryos of the cnidarian Clytia hemisphaerica, we have uncovered a simple and likely ancestral coordination mechanism between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and directed morphogenesis. We show that the ligand Wnt3, known to initiate oral gene expression via localised Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, also has a key β-catenin-independent role in globally orienting planar cell polarity (PCP) to direct morphogenesis along the oral-aboral axis. This PCP orientation occurs in two distinct steps: local orientation by Wnt3 and global propagation by conserved core PCP protein interactions along the body axis. From these findings, we propose novel scenarios for PCP-driven symmetry-breaking underlying the emergence of the animal body plan.https://elifesciences.org/articles/104508planar cell polarityWntbasal bodyevolution
spellingShingle Julie Uveira
Antoine Donati
Marvin Léria
Marion Lechable
François Lahaye
Christine Vesque
Evelyn Houliston
Tsuyoshi Momose
Planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolution
eLife
planar cell polarity
Wnt
basal body
evolution
title Planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolution
title_full Planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolution
title_fullStr Planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolution
title_full_unstemmed Planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolution
title_short Planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolution
title_sort planar cell polarity coordination in a cnidarian embryo provides clues to animal body axis evolution
topic planar cell polarity
Wnt
basal body
evolution
url https://elifesciences.org/articles/104508
work_keys_str_mv AT julieuveira planarcellpolaritycoordinationinacnidarianembryoprovidescluestoanimalbodyaxisevolution
AT antoinedonati planarcellpolaritycoordinationinacnidarianembryoprovidescluestoanimalbodyaxisevolution
AT marvinleria planarcellpolaritycoordinationinacnidarianembryoprovidescluestoanimalbodyaxisevolution
AT marionlechable planarcellpolaritycoordinationinacnidarianembryoprovidescluestoanimalbodyaxisevolution
AT francoislahaye planarcellpolaritycoordinationinacnidarianembryoprovidescluestoanimalbodyaxisevolution
AT christinevesque planarcellpolaritycoordinationinacnidarianembryoprovidescluestoanimalbodyaxisevolution
AT evelynhouliston planarcellpolaritycoordinationinacnidarianembryoprovidescluestoanimalbodyaxisevolution
AT tsuyoshimomose planarcellpolaritycoordinationinacnidarianembryoprovidescluestoanimalbodyaxisevolution