Evaluation of the England Community Pharmacy Quality Scheme (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in reducing harm from NSAIDs in older patients

Introduction Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory action, but the gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects are a known cause of preventable harm. A medication safety audit was incentivised for community pharmacies in England in 2 succe...

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Main Authors: Carina Livingstone, Yogini H Jani, Sejal Parekh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2023-02-01
Series:BMJ Open Quality
Online Access:https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/12/1/e002002.full
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author Carina Livingstone
Yogini H Jani
Sejal Parekh
author_facet Carina Livingstone
Yogini H Jani
Sejal Parekh
author_sort Carina Livingstone
collection DOAJ
description Introduction Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory action, but the gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects are a known cause of preventable harm. A medication safety audit was incentivised for community pharmacies in England in 2 successive years as part of the Pharmacy Quality Scheme (PQS) to address GI safety of NSAIDs.Aims To evaluate community pharmacy’s contributions to NSAID safety and determine any change between audit 1 (2018–2019) and audit 2 (2019–2020).Method Patients aged 65 years or over prescribed an NSAID were included in both audits. The audit tool assessed compliance with national standards relating to co-prescribed gastroprotection, referrals to the prescriber and patient advice on long-term NSAID use and effects, with responses submitted via an online portal. Descriptive analyses were performed to explore differences between the years and tested for significance using Χ2 tests. Qualitative data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach.Key findings Data from 91 252 patients in audit 1 and 73 992 in audit 2 were analysed. More patients were prescribed gastroprotection in audit 2 (85.0%) than audit 1 (80.7%, p<0.001). More patients without gastroprotection in audit 2 had a current or recent referral (67.5%) than in audit 1 (58.8%, p<0.001). Verbal or other communications between pharmacists and patients about their NSAID medication were reported more frequently in audit 2 (76.0% vs 63.5%, p<0.001).Conclusion During two audits, community pharmacists in England reported referring more than 15 000 patients at risk of preventable harm from NSAIDs to prescribers for review. The audits demonstrated significant potential for year-on-year improvement in GI safety for a large cohort of older patients prescribed NSAIDs. This evaluation provides evidence of how the PQS can effectively address a specific aspect of medicines safety and the place of community pharmacy more broadly in improving medicines safety.
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spelling doaj-art-ac85d463bfa441d8b38f3c5d6ca34a912025-08-20T02:52:49ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Quality2399-66412023-02-0112110.1136/bmjoq-2022-002002Evaluation of the England Community Pharmacy Quality Scheme (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in reducing harm from NSAIDs in older patientsCarina Livingstone0Yogini H Jani1Sejal Parekh2Primary, Community and Personalised Care Directorate, NHS England, London, UKCentre for Medicines Optimisation Resaerch and Education, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UKPrimary, Community and Personalised Care Directorate, NHS England, London, UKIntroduction Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory action, but the gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects are a known cause of preventable harm. A medication safety audit was incentivised for community pharmacies in England in 2 successive years as part of the Pharmacy Quality Scheme (PQS) to address GI safety of NSAIDs.Aims To evaluate community pharmacy’s contributions to NSAID safety and determine any change between audit 1 (2018–2019) and audit 2 (2019–2020).Method Patients aged 65 years or over prescribed an NSAID were included in both audits. The audit tool assessed compliance with national standards relating to co-prescribed gastroprotection, referrals to the prescriber and patient advice on long-term NSAID use and effects, with responses submitted via an online portal. Descriptive analyses were performed to explore differences between the years and tested for significance using Χ2 tests. Qualitative data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach.Key findings Data from 91 252 patients in audit 1 and 73 992 in audit 2 were analysed. More patients were prescribed gastroprotection in audit 2 (85.0%) than audit 1 (80.7%, p<0.001). More patients without gastroprotection in audit 2 had a current or recent referral (67.5%) than in audit 1 (58.8%, p<0.001). Verbal or other communications between pharmacists and patients about their NSAID medication were reported more frequently in audit 2 (76.0% vs 63.5%, p<0.001).Conclusion During two audits, community pharmacists in England reported referring more than 15 000 patients at risk of preventable harm from NSAIDs to prescribers for review. The audits demonstrated significant potential for year-on-year improvement in GI safety for a large cohort of older patients prescribed NSAIDs. This evaluation provides evidence of how the PQS can effectively address a specific aspect of medicines safety and the place of community pharmacy more broadly in improving medicines safety.https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/12/1/e002002.full
spellingShingle Carina Livingstone
Yogini H Jani
Sejal Parekh
Evaluation of the England Community Pharmacy Quality Scheme (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in reducing harm from NSAIDs in older patients
BMJ Open Quality
title Evaluation of the England Community Pharmacy Quality Scheme (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in reducing harm from NSAIDs in older patients
title_full Evaluation of the England Community Pharmacy Quality Scheme (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in reducing harm from NSAIDs in older patients
title_fullStr Evaluation of the England Community Pharmacy Quality Scheme (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in reducing harm from NSAIDs in older patients
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the England Community Pharmacy Quality Scheme (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in reducing harm from NSAIDs in older patients
title_short Evaluation of the England Community Pharmacy Quality Scheme (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in reducing harm from NSAIDs in older patients
title_sort evaluation of the england community pharmacy quality scheme 2018 2019 and 2019 2020 in reducing harm from nsaids in older patients
url https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/12/1/e002002.full
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