The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Fasa Adult Rural Population, Southern Iran: A Cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN)

Background: Over the past few decades, the association between dietary patterns and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors, has garnered significant attention. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between dietary patterns, lipid profile, and anthropometri...

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Main Authors: Atefeh kohansal, Maryamsadat Riasatian, Kimia Leilami, Alireza Rafieipoor, Reza Homayounfar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 2025-06-01
Series:International Journal of Nutrition Sciences
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Online Access:https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_50935_61d0c802ac8e86dc27988cadcd734f53.pdf
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author Atefeh kohansal
Maryamsadat Riasatian
Kimia Leilami
Alireza Rafieipoor
Reza Homayounfar
author_facet Atefeh kohansal
Maryamsadat Riasatian
Kimia Leilami
Alireza Rafieipoor
Reza Homayounfar
author_sort Atefeh kohansal
collection DOAJ
description Background: Over the past few decades, the association between dietary patterns and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors, has garnered significant attention. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between dietary patterns, lipid profile, and anthropometric indices among adults aged 30 to 75 in the rural population of Iran.Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study included 5,220 participamts (3,467 females and 1,753 males) in Fasa adult rural population, Southern Iran as a cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN). Lipid profile and anthropometric indices were measured using standard methods. Nutritional data were collectedthrough a semi-quantitative, 125-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Dietary patterns were identified through factor analysis.Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, the mean percentages of fat, fat mass, and lean body mass were significantly higher in the highest tertile of the healthy dietary pattern when compared to the first tertile (p<0.001 for all, except for lean body mass). However, in the adjusted model, the highest tertile of the unhealthy food pattern was associated with a higher mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level (p<0.001) and a lower mean percentage of fat (p=0.025) in comparison to the first tertile.Conclusion: This study suggests that a healthy diet may not always offer protection against cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, further prospective studies in different geographical regions are required to draw more definitive conclusions.
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spelling doaj-art-ac66ff701349449bacfade7135b8bbc22025-08-20T03:50:02ZengShiraz University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Nutrition Sciences2538-18732538-28292025-06-0110226927810.30476/ijns.2025.104307.135350935The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Fasa Adult Rural Population, Southern Iran: A Cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN)Atefeh kohansal0Maryamsadat Riasatian1Kimia Leilami2Alireza Rafieipoor3Reza Homayounfar4Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranSchool of Nursing, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, IranNational Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranBackground: Over the past few decades, the association between dietary patterns and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors, has garnered significant attention. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between dietary patterns, lipid profile, and anthropometric indices among adults aged 30 to 75 in the rural population of Iran.Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study included 5,220 participamts (3,467 females and 1,753 males) in Fasa adult rural population, Southern Iran as a cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN). Lipid profile and anthropometric indices were measured using standard methods. Nutritional data were collectedthrough a semi-quantitative, 125-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Dietary patterns were identified through factor analysis.Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, the mean percentages of fat, fat mass, and lean body mass were significantly higher in the highest tertile of the healthy dietary pattern when compared to the first tertile (p<0.001 for all, except for lean body mass). However, in the adjusted model, the highest tertile of the unhealthy food pattern was associated with a higher mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level (p<0.001) and a lower mean percentage of fat (p=0.025) in comparison to the first tertile.Conclusion: This study suggests that a healthy diet may not always offer protection against cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, further prospective studies in different geographical regions are required to draw more definitive conclusions.https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_50935_61d0c802ac8e86dc27988cadcd734f53.pdfdietary patternswestern dietcardiovascular diseasesrisk factors
spellingShingle Atefeh kohansal
Maryamsadat Riasatian
Kimia Leilami
Alireza Rafieipoor
Reza Homayounfar
The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Fasa Adult Rural Population, Southern Iran: A Cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN)
International Journal of Nutrition Sciences
dietary patterns
western diet
cardiovascular diseases
risk factors
title The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Fasa Adult Rural Population, Southern Iran: A Cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN)
title_full The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Fasa Adult Rural Population, Southern Iran: A Cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN)
title_fullStr The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Fasa Adult Rural Population, Southern Iran: A Cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN)
title_full_unstemmed The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Fasa Adult Rural Population, Southern Iran: A Cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN)
title_short The Association Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Fasa Adult Rural Population, Southern Iran: A Cohort of Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN)
title_sort association between dietary patterns and cardiovascular disease risk factors in fasa adult rural population southern iran a cohort of prospective epidemiological research studies in iran persian
topic dietary patterns
western diet
cardiovascular diseases
risk factors
url https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_50935_61d0c802ac8e86dc27988cadcd734f53.pdf
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