Perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative: Reflections of embedded researchers.

Physical inactivity remains a substantial public health concern, with complex socio-environmental factors contributing to increasing inactivity. Whole systems approaches to physical activity seek to address these complexities by promoting multi-component, place-based interventions. This study reflec...

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Main Authors: Lauren Clifford, Adam Mars, Oliver Hamer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324174
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author Lauren Clifford
Adam Mars
Oliver Hamer
author_facet Lauren Clifford
Adam Mars
Oliver Hamer
author_sort Lauren Clifford
collection DOAJ
description Physical inactivity remains a substantial public health concern, with complex socio-environmental factors contributing to increasing inactivity. Whole systems approaches to physical activity seek to address these complexities by promoting multi-component, place-based interventions. This study reflects on the experiences of three embedded researchers working within a whole systems approach initiative aimed at reducing physical inactivity in the United Kingdom. Researchers were embedded within a local authority and affiliated to a university whilst responsible for evaluating the effectiveness and efficacy of the whole systems approach initiative. Using a reflective journaling method, followed by inductive thematic analysis, the findings identified key challenges and enablers to evaluating the initiative. Key challenges included the perceived value of research and evaluation within the local authority, a lack of capacity to conduct evaluative activity, and the presence of confirmation and reporting bias within the wider delivery team. Key enablers included relationship-building, skill development, and protected time for evaluation and research activity. The findings suggest that institutions supporting embedded researchers should establish regular contact with the local authority, help to establish realistic expectations, and support researchers to overcome emerging challenges. Recommendations for researchers include developing robust relationships, setting out clear expectations, and ensure they have protected time at key points during the evaluation. Through these recommendations, researchers may be better prepared to overcome implementation challenges and improve the efficiency of the evaluation process.
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spelling doaj-art-ac661bdd6dc346d98a52600fa0c6e03e2025-08-20T03:44:38ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01205e032417410.1371/journal.pone.0324174Perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative: Reflections of embedded researchers.Lauren CliffordAdam MarsOliver HamerPhysical inactivity remains a substantial public health concern, with complex socio-environmental factors contributing to increasing inactivity. Whole systems approaches to physical activity seek to address these complexities by promoting multi-component, place-based interventions. This study reflects on the experiences of three embedded researchers working within a whole systems approach initiative aimed at reducing physical inactivity in the United Kingdom. Researchers were embedded within a local authority and affiliated to a university whilst responsible for evaluating the effectiveness and efficacy of the whole systems approach initiative. Using a reflective journaling method, followed by inductive thematic analysis, the findings identified key challenges and enablers to evaluating the initiative. Key challenges included the perceived value of research and evaluation within the local authority, a lack of capacity to conduct evaluative activity, and the presence of confirmation and reporting bias within the wider delivery team. Key enablers included relationship-building, skill development, and protected time for evaluation and research activity. The findings suggest that institutions supporting embedded researchers should establish regular contact with the local authority, help to establish realistic expectations, and support researchers to overcome emerging challenges. Recommendations for researchers include developing robust relationships, setting out clear expectations, and ensure they have protected time at key points during the evaluation. Through these recommendations, researchers may be better prepared to overcome implementation challenges and improve the efficiency of the evaluation process.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324174
spellingShingle Lauren Clifford
Adam Mars
Oliver Hamer
Perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative: Reflections of embedded researchers.
PLoS ONE
title Perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative: Reflections of embedded researchers.
title_full Perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative: Reflections of embedded researchers.
title_fullStr Perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative: Reflections of embedded researchers.
title_full_unstemmed Perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative: Reflections of embedded researchers.
title_short Perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative: Reflections of embedded researchers.
title_sort perceived challenges and enablers to evaluating a whole systems approach initiative reflections of embedded researchers
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324174
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