Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest Ethiopia city administrations: A community-based study

Objective: A study was being conducted to assess the current vaccination coverage, dropout rates, and associated risk factors in children under 15 years old in northwest Ethiopia. Study design: A community-based cross-sectional survey. Methods: A community-based survey was conducted in northwest Eth...

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Main Authors: Mekuanint Geta, Asrat Hailu, Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Public Health in Practice
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535225000278
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author Mekuanint Geta
Asrat Hailu
Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel
author_facet Mekuanint Geta
Asrat Hailu
Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel
author_sort Mekuanint Geta
collection DOAJ
description Objective: A study was being conducted to assess the current vaccination coverage, dropout rates, and associated risk factors in children under 15 years old in northwest Ethiopia. Study design: A community-based cross-sectional survey. Methods: A community-based survey was conducted in northwest Ethiopia from January to March 2024. A two-stage cluster-sampling technique was used to select a representative sample. Sociodemographic information, vaccination history, and epidemiological risk factors were collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, employing descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression model. Associations of vaccination determinants were investigated, with a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: In the study, 808 children were surveyed, with 53.0 % being female and 53.0 % were born at hospitals. Most (52.5 %) were under 5 years old, with a mean age of 5.4 ± 3.5 years. Seven hundred thirty four (90.8 %) had received at least one dose of the hepatitis B vaccine, and 82.7 % had received three doses, with a 9.0 % dropout rate. Among children completely vaccinated against hepatitis B, 366 (54.8 %) were in the age group of 1–4 years. The vaccination coverage was 85.4 %, 82.9 %, and 76.5 % in Bahir Dar, Gondar, and Debre Markos, respectively. Several factors have been identified as predictors of complete hepatitis B vaccination in children, including mothers who attended primary school (AOR = 2.9; 95 % CI: 1.4–5.8) and those with secondary education or higher (AOR = 2.2; 95 % CI: 1.3–4.0), married mothers (AOR = 2.5; 95 % CI: 1.5–4.3), and mothers aged 21–30 years (AOR = 2.7; 95 % CI: 1.3–5.6) and those aged 31–40 years (AOR = 2.8; 95 % CI: 1.4–5.5) were more likely to have their children fully vaccinated. Additionally, children born in hospitals (AOR = 2.4; 95 % CI: 1.3–4.3) or health centers (AOR = 4.0; 95 % CI: 2.2–7.4), increased access to vaccination services (AOR = 2.5; 95 % CI: 1.5–4.3), children aged 1–4 years (AOR = 3.1; 95 % CI: 1.7–5.5) and 5–9 years (AOR = 3.8; 95 % CI: 2.1–7.1) had higher HB vaccination coverage. Conclusion: The complete hepatitis B vaccination coverage in this study was lower than the WHO recommendation for developing countries. Therefore, enhancing the promotion of facility delivery and ensuring easy access to vaccines are crucial for improving children's vaccination coverage.
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spelling doaj-art-ac4e90ae5e1c4651a265c7ce99e6aaf12025-08-20T02:34:44ZengElsevierPublic Health in Practice2666-53522025-06-01910060810.1016/j.puhip.2025.100608Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest Ethiopia city administrations: A community-based studyMekuanint Geta0Asrat Hailu1Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel2Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; Corresponding author. P. O. Box 196, University of Gondar, Ethiopia.Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCenter for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaObjective: A study was being conducted to assess the current vaccination coverage, dropout rates, and associated risk factors in children under 15 years old in northwest Ethiopia. Study design: A community-based cross-sectional survey. Methods: A community-based survey was conducted in northwest Ethiopia from January to March 2024. A two-stage cluster-sampling technique was used to select a representative sample. Sociodemographic information, vaccination history, and epidemiological risk factors were collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, employing descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression model. Associations of vaccination determinants were investigated, with a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: In the study, 808 children were surveyed, with 53.0 % being female and 53.0 % were born at hospitals. Most (52.5 %) were under 5 years old, with a mean age of 5.4 ± 3.5 years. Seven hundred thirty four (90.8 %) had received at least one dose of the hepatitis B vaccine, and 82.7 % had received three doses, with a 9.0 % dropout rate. Among children completely vaccinated against hepatitis B, 366 (54.8 %) were in the age group of 1–4 years. The vaccination coverage was 85.4 %, 82.9 %, and 76.5 % in Bahir Dar, Gondar, and Debre Markos, respectively. Several factors have been identified as predictors of complete hepatitis B vaccination in children, including mothers who attended primary school (AOR = 2.9; 95 % CI: 1.4–5.8) and those with secondary education or higher (AOR = 2.2; 95 % CI: 1.3–4.0), married mothers (AOR = 2.5; 95 % CI: 1.5–4.3), and mothers aged 21–30 years (AOR = 2.7; 95 % CI: 1.3–5.6) and those aged 31–40 years (AOR = 2.8; 95 % CI: 1.4–5.5) were more likely to have their children fully vaccinated. Additionally, children born in hospitals (AOR = 2.4; 95 % CI: 1.3–4.3) or health centers (AOR = 4.0; 95 % CI: 2.2–7.4), increased access to vaccination services (AOR = 2.5; 95 % CI: 1.5–4.3), children aged 1–4 years (AOR = 3.1; 95 % CI: 1.7–5.5) and 5–9 years (AOR = 3.8; 95 % CI: 2.1–7.1) had higher HB vaccination coverage. Conclusion: The complete hepatitis B vaccination coverage in this study was lower than the WHO recommendation for developing countries. Therefore, enhancing the promotion of facility delivery and ensuring easy access to vaccines are crucial for improving children's vaccination coverage.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535225000278ChildrenCoverageHepatitis B vaccinationNorthwest Ethiopia
spellingShingle Mekuanint Geta
Asrat Hailu
Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel
Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest Ethiopia city administrations: A community-based study
Public Health in Practice
Children
Coverage
Hepatitis B vaccination
Northwest Ethiopia
title Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest Ethiopia city administrations: A community-based study
title_full Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest Ethiopia city administrations: A community-based study
title_fullStr Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest Ethiopia city administrations: A community-based study
title_full_unstemmed Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest Ethiopia city administrations: A community-based study
title_short Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest Ethiopia city administrations: A community-based study
title_sort hepatitis b vaccination coverage and associated factors among children living in northwest ethiopia city administrations a community based study
topic Children
Coverage
Hepatitis B vaccination
Northwest Ethiopia
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535225000278
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