Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment
Abstract Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae, comprising about 200 species, primarily concentrated in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), exhibits high species richness in alpine regions, showing variations in habitat, morphology, physiology, and life cycles. Its adaptation to alpine environments renders it ideal...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06706-4 |
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| author | Dan Li Huiling Li Luxuan Yang Xi Luo Hong Chang Xiaoting Xu Xiulian Chi |
| author_facet | Dan Li Huiling Li Luxuan Yang Xi Luo Hong Chang Xiaoting Xu Xiulian Chi |
| author_sort | Dan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae, comprising about 200 species, primarily concentrated in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), exhibits high species richness in alpine regions, showing variations in habitat, morphology, physiology, and life cycles. Its adaptation to alpine environments renders it ideal for understanding the genetic basis of how species cope with cold climates. In this study, we sequenced, assembled and analyzed the chloroplast genomes of 20 Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae species and found that chloroplast genomes are generally conserved, with three highly variable regions: psbI-trnS, petG-trnW, and gene ycf1. Phylogenetic analyses (ML and BI) supported the monophyly of Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae, identifying three main clades. Genes cemA, infA and psbB were found to be associated with high-altitude adaptation. Furthermore, psbB may have undergone intracellular gene transfer and exhibited different selective pressures between the transcriptome and chloroplast genome. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ac2facdfd74747289027646dbe9d93f0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ac2facdfd74747289027646dbe9d93f02025-08-20T03:45:25ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-07-0125111110.1186/s12870-025-06706-4Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environmentDan Li0Huiling Li1Luxuan Yang2Xi Luo3Hong Chang4Xiaoting Xu5Xiulian Chi6Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityState Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesAbstract Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae, comprising about 200 species, primarily concentrated in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), exhibits high species richness in alpine regions, showing variations in habitat, morphology, physiology, and life cycles. Its adaptation to alpine environments renders it ideal for understanding the genetic basis of how species cope with cold climates. In this study, we sequenced, assembled and analyzed the chloroplast genomes of 20 Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae species and found that chloroplast genomes are generally conserved, with three highly variable regions: psbI-trnS, petG-trnW, and gene ycf1. Phylogenetic analyses (ML and BI) supported the monophyly of Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae, identifying three main clades. Genes cemA, infA and psbB were found to be associated with high-altitude adaptation. Furthermore, psbB may have undergone intracellular gene transfer and exhibited different selective pressures between the transcriptome and chloroplast genome.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06706-4Chloroplast genomeSaxifraga sect. CiliataeHypervariable regionsHigh-elevation adaptation |
| spellingShingle | Dan Li Huiling Li Luxuan Yang Xi Luo Hong Chang Xiaoting Xu Xiulian Chi Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment BMC Plant Biology Chloroplast genome Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae Hypervariable regions High-elevation adaptation |
| title | Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment |
| title_full | Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment |
| title_fullStr | Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment |
| title_short | Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within saxifraga sect ciliatae insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment |
| topic | Chloroplast genome Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae Hypervariable regions High-elevation adaptation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06706-4 |
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