Estimation and Characterization of Dengue Serotypes in Patients Presenting with Dengue Fever at Makkah Hospitals
Dengue fever is caused by four common serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4). Patients infected with one serotype may develop lifelong serotype-specific protective immunity. However, they remain susceptible to reinfection with the other serotypes, often increasing the ris...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Sami Melebari Abdul Hafiz Hatim A. Natto Mohamed Osman Elamin Naif A. Jalal Ashwaq Hakim Safiah Rushan Othman Fallatah Kamal Alzabeedi Feras Malibari Hutaf Mashat Aisha Alsaadi Amani Alhakam Anoud Hadidi Ghazi Saad Alkhaldi Ahmed Alkhyami Ali Alqarni Abdulaziz Alzahrani Mohammed Alghamdi Abdullah Siddiqi Abdullah Alasmari Rowaida Bakri Saleh Alqahtani Juman M. Al-Bajaly Asim Khogeer |
| author_facet | Sami Melebari Abdul Hafiz Hatim A. Natto Mohamed Osman Elamin Naif A. Jalal Ashwaq Hakim Safiah Rushan Othman Fallatah Kamal Alzabeedi Feras Malibari Hutaf Mashat Aisha Alsaadi Amani Alhakam Anoud Hadidi Ghazi Saad Alkhaldi Ahmed Alkhyami Ali Alqarni Abdulaziz Alzahrani Mohammed Alghamdi Abdullah Siddiqi Abdullah Alasmari Rowaida Bakri Saleh Alqahtani Juman M. Al-Bajaly Asim Khogeer |
| author_sort | Sami Melebari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dengue fever is caused by four common serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4). Patients infected with one serotype may develop lifelong serotype-specific protective immunity. However, they remain susceptible to reinfection with the other serotypes, often increasing the risk of severe forms of dengue. This cross-sectional study investigates the prevalence of the four dengue serotypes in patients who presented with dengue fever at Makkah hospitals between April 2023 and May 2024. Data were collected from the medical records of the Regional Laboratory in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The 238 positive dengue samples included 185 samples (77.73%) from male patients. The average age of the patients was 37.65 years (SD = 15.05). Dengue type 2 was the most common serotype, followed by type 1, type 3, and type 4. Most of the dengue patients were Saudi nationals, followed by Egyptians. There were 11 dengue-positive samples that were not diagnosed with any of the four dengue serotypes. Since Makkah receives numerous international travelers, these samples might contain novel dengue serotypes circulating in different parts of the world. This study underscores the need for the continuous monitoring of dengue serotypes to predict potential outbreaks and mitigate the risk of severe dengue in susceptible populations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ac1f919ec8f240a6abeed08dd84c9355 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-ac1f919ec8f240a6abeed08dd84c93552025-01-24T13:51:25ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662025-01-011012710.3390/tropicalmed10010027Estimation and Characterization of Dengue Serotypes in Patients Presenting with Dengue Fever at Makkah HospitalsSami Melebari0Abdul Hafiz1Hatim A. Natto2Mohamed Osman Elamin3Naif A. Jalal4Ashwaq Hakim5Safiah Rushan6Othman Fallatah7Kamal Alzabeedi8Feras Malibari9Hutaf Mashat10Aisha Alsaadi11Amani Alhakam12Anoud Hadidi13Ghazi Saad Alkhaldi14Ahmed Alkhyami15Ali Alqarni16Abdulaziz Alzahrani17Mohammed Alghamdi18Abdullah Siddiqi19Abdullah Alasmari20Rowaida Bakri21Saleh Alqahtani22Juman M. Al-Bajaly23Asim Khogeer24Department of Molecular Biology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health & Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Public Health and Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Molecular Biology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Serology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Serology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartments of Medical Research, Clinical Biochemistry, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaEpidemiology and Infection Control, Saudi German Hospital, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Molecular Biology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Molecular Biology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Molecular Biology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Molecular Biology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Immunology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Serology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Serology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Serology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Serology, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Makkah Park Clinics, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Research, PMO, Ministry Branch in Makkah Region, Ministry of Health (MOH), Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Research, PMO, Ministry Branch in Makkah Region, Ministry of Health (MOH), Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Research, PMO, Ministry Branch in Makkah Region, Ministry of Health (MOH), Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Research, PMO, Ministry Branch in Makkah Region, Ministry of Health (MOH), Makkah 21955, Saudi ArabiaDengue fever is caused by four common serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4). Patients infected with one serotype may develop lifelong serotype-specific protective immunity. However, they remain susceptible to reinfection with the other serotypes, often increasing the risk of severe forms of dengue. This cross-sectional study investigates the prevalence of the four dengue serotypes in patients who presented with dengue fever at Makkah hospitals between April 2023 and May 2024. Data were collected from the medical records of the Regional Laboratory in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The 238 positive dengue samples included 185 samples (77.73%) from male patients. The average age of the patients was 37.65 years (SD = 15.05). Dengue type 2 was the most common serotype, followed by type 1, type 3, and type 4. Most of the dengue patients were Saudi nationals, followed by Egyptians. There were 11 dengue-positive samples that were not diagnosed with any of the four dengue serotypes. Since Makkah receives numerous international travelers, these samples might contain novel dengue serotypes circulating in different parts of the world. This study underscores the need for the continuous monitoring of dengue serotypes to predict potential outbreaks and mitigate the risk of severe dengue in susceptible populations.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/1/27dengueAdesDENVtravel |
| spellingShingle | Sami Melebari Abdul Hafiz Hatim A. Natto Mohamed Osman Elamin Naif A. Jalal Ashwaq Hakim Safiah Rushan Othman Fallatah Kamal Alzabeedi Feras Malibari Hutaf Mashat Aisha Alsaadi Amani Alhakam Anoud Hadidi Ghazi Saad Alkhaldi Ahmed Alkhyami Ali Alqarni Abdulaziz Alzahrani Mohammed Alghamdi Abdullah Siddiqi Abdullah Alasmari Rowaida Bakri Saleh Alqahtani Juman M. Al-Bajaly Asim Khogeer Estimation and Characterization of Dengue Serotypes in Patients Presenting with Dengue Fever at Makkah Hospitals Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease dengue Ades DENV travel |
| title | Estimation and Characterization of Dengue Serotypes in Patients Presenting with Dengue Fever at Makkah Hospitals |
| title_full | Estimation and Characterization of Dengue Serotypes in Patients Presenting with Dengue Fever at Makkah Hospitals |
| title_fullStr | Estimation and Characterization of Dengue Serotypes in Patients Presenting with Dengue Fever at Makkah Hospitals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimation and Characterization of Dengue Serotypes in Patients Presenting with Dengue Fever at Makkah Hospitals |
| title_short | Estimation and Characterization of Dengue Serotypes in Patients Presenting with Dengue Fever at Makkah Hospitals |
| title_sort | estimation and characterization of dengue serotypes in patients presenting with dengue fever at makkah hospitals |
| topic | dengue Ades DENV travel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/10/1/27 |
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