Intrapartum Results on Differing Degrees of Ketonuria in Nulliparous Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Spontaneous Labor

To compare intrapartum results associated with differing degrees of ketonuria in nulliparous women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we implemented a retrospective cohort study comparing clinical characteristics among differing degrees of ketonuria and the duration and distribution of ketonu...

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Main Authors: Shi-Yun Huang, Bo Yu, Xin He, Yi Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019-01-01
Series:International Journal of Endocrinology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7207012
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author Shi-Yun Huang
Bo Yu
Xin He
Yi Chen
author_facet Shi-Yun Huang
Bo Yu
Xin He
Yi Chen
author_sort Shi-Yun Huang
collection DOAJ
description To compare intrapartum results associated with differing degrees of ketonuria in nulliparous women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we implemented a retrospective cohort study comparing clinical characteristics among differing degrees of ketonuria and the duration and distribution of ketonuria at different stages of labor. We also analyzed adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes for each group. A total of 570 GDM deliveries were included; of these, 238 had negative ketonuria (41.8%), 180 had moderate ketonuria (31.6%), and 152 had ketosis (26.6%). The proportion of patients with a family history of diabetes significantly increased as the degree of ketonuria increased (P<0.001). Moreover, a significantly lower level of HOMA-IR (the insulin resistance index) was observed for the Negative group (P<0.001). The triglyceride (TG) level was significantly higher in the Ketosis group (P<0.001), and the total cholesterol (TC) levels significantly increased as the degree of ketonuria progressed (P<0.001). There were also higher maternal blood sugar levels and a significantly higher proportion of oxytocin augmentation in ketonuria cases (P<0.001). Over three-fourths of patients (75.6%) had a ketonuria duration of ≤2 hours in the Moderate group, 61.2% had a ketonuria duration of between 3 and 4 h in the Ketosis group, and most of the ketonuria cases resolved in the first stage of labor. As the degree of ketonuria progressed, we observed a significantly higher number of cases with fetal heart rate pattern III (FHR pattern III), meconium-stained amniotic fluid III (MSAF III), postpartum hemorrhages, prolonged labor, neonatal hypoglycemia, an umbilical cord arterial pH of <7.2, low Apgar scores, increased neonatal intensive care admissions, augmented forceps-assisted deliveries, and conversions to cesarean sections. The results showed that ketonuria is common during the intrapartum period and that the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes may increase when complicated with ketonuria.
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spelling doaj-art-ac15a42d056d40e1a0c3d9c5840515682025-08-20T02:20:22ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452019-01-01201910.1155/2019/72070127207012Intrapartum Results on Differing Degrees of Ketonuria in Nulliparous Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Spontaneous LaborShi-Yun Huang0Bo Yu1Xin He2Yi Chen3Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, ChinaBeijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, ChinaBeijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, ChinaBeijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, ChinaTo compare intrapartum results associated with differing degrees of ketonuria in nulliparous women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we implemented a retrospective cohort study comparing clinical characteristics among differing degrees of ketonuria and the duration and distribution of ketonuria at different stages of labor. We also analyzed adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes for each group. A total of 570 GDM deliveries were included; of these, 238 had negative ketonuria (41.8%), 180 had moderate ketonuria (31.6%), and 152 had ketosis (26.6%). The proportion of patients with a family history of diabetes significantly increased as the degree of ketonuria increased (P<0.001). Moreover, a significantly lower level of HOMA-IR (the insulin resistance index) was observed for the Negative group (P<0.001). The triglyceride (TG) level was significantly higher in the Ketosis group (P<0.001), and the total cholesterol (TC) levels significantly increased as the degree of ketonuria progressed (P<0.001). There were also higher maternal blood sugar levels and a significantly higher proportion of oxytocin augmentation in ketonuria cases (P<0.001). Over three-fourths of patients (75.6%) had a ketonuria duration of ≤2 hours in the Moderate group, 61.2% had a ketonuria duration of between 3 and 4 h in the Ketosis group, and most of the ketonuria cases resolved in the first stage of labor. As the degree of ketonuria progressed, we observed a significantly higher number of cases with fetal heart rate pattern III (FHR pattern III), meconium-stained amniotic fluid III (MSAF III), postpartum hemorrhages, prolonged labor, neonatal hypoglycemia, an umbilical cord arterial pH of <7.2, low Apgar scores, increased neonatal intensive care admissions, augmented forceps-assisted deliveries, and conversions to cesarean sections. The results showed that ketonuria is common during the intrapartum period and that the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes may increase when complicated with ketonuria.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7207012
spellingShingle Shi-Yun Huang
Bo Yu
Xin He
Yi Chen
Intrapartum Results on Differing Degrees of Ketonuria in Nulliparous Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Spontaneous Labor
International Journal of Endocrinology
title Intrapartum Results on Differing Degrees of Ketonuria in Nulliparous Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Spontaneous Labor
title_full Intrapartum Results on Differing Degrees of Ketonuria in Nulliparous Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Spontaneous Labor
title_fullStr Intrapartum Results on Differing Degrees of Ketonuria in Nulliparous Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Spontaneous Labor
title_full_unstemmed Intrapartum Results on Differing Degrees of Ketonuria in Nulliparous Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Spontaneous Labor
title_short Intrapartum Results on Differing Degrees of Ketonuria in Nulliparous Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Spontaneous Labor
title_sort intrapartum results on differing degrees of ketonuria in nulliparous women with gestational diabetes mellitus during spontaneous labor
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7207012
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