Fire Test Study and FDS Verification of Spray Water Volume for Small-Sized Bookstores in the Revitalization of Historical Buildings

Small bookstores constructed before the 1970s have a high fire risk in the context of the revitalization of historical buildings; while the setup of simple sprinklers is an effective and cheap method of extinguishing fires, the parameters of the sprinklers are uncertain. In this study, small booksto...

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Main Authors: Peng Du, Jing Liu, Cheng Zhang, Zhixin Zheng, Guangyue Gu, Jiaming Zhao, Feng Yan, Songtao Liu, Rutian Li, Jun Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Fire
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/6/224
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author Peng Du
Jing Liu
Cheng Zhang
Zhixin Zheng
Guangyue Gu
Jiaming Zhao
Feng Yan
Songtao Liu
Rutian Li
Jun Zhang
author_facet Peng Du
Jing Liu
Cheng Zhang
Zhixin Zheng
Guangyue Gu
Jiaming Zhao
Feng Yan
Songtao Liu
Rutian Li
Jun Zhang
author_sort Peng Du
collection DOAJ
description Small bookstores constructed before the 1970s have a high fire risk in the context of the revitalization of historical buildings; while the setup of simple sprinklers is an effective and cheap method of extinguishing fires, the parameters of the sprinklers are uncertain. In this study, small bookstores in Beijing were selected, and physical combustion experiments with/without a sprinkler system were carried out following the provisions of the Code for the Design of Sprinkler Systems. After the experiments, an FDS model was set up using fire dynamics software. The results show that the total heat release rate (HRR) of books and desks is related to the square of time, with a coefficient of 2.528 × 10<sup>−6</sup>, and the maximum heat release rate is 40 KW. Unlike the standard test, the physical combustion experiment is significantly affected by the space. According to numerical simulations, when the sprinkler flow velocity is 60~100 L/min, the water consumption of the sprinkler is 195~218 L. This study lays the foundation for the analysis of the combustion characteristics of small bookstores and provides data support for the installation of simple sprinkler systems in small bookstores.
format Article
id doaj-art-ac1553a85c0341feb3ae49a4d1046e39
institution Kabale University
issn 2571-6255
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Fire
spelling doaj-art-ac1553a85c0341feb3ae49a4d1046e392025-08-20T03:24:36ZengMDPI AGFire2571-62552025-06-018622410.3390/fire8060224Fire Test Study and FDS Verification of Spray Water Volume for Small-Sized Bookstores in the Revitalization of Historical BuildingsPeng Du0Jing Liu1Cheng Zhang2Zhixin Zheng3Guangyue Gu4Jiaming Zhao5Feng Yan6Songtao Liu7Rutian Li8Jun Zhang9Building Fire Research Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, ChinaBuilding Fire Research Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, ChinaBuilding Fire Research Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, ChinaBuilding Fire Research Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, ChinaBuilding Fire Research Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, ChinaBuilding Fire Research Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, ChinaBuilding Fire Research Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, ChinaBuilding Fire Research Institute of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, ChinaChina First Highway Engineering Company Ltd., Beijing 100024, ChinaChina First Highway Engineering Company Ltd., Beijing 100024, ChinaSmall bookstores constructed before the 1970s have a high fire risk in the context of the revitalization of historical buildings; while the setup of simple sprinklers is an effective and cheap method of extinguishing fires, the parameters of the sprinklers are uncertain. In this study, small bookstores in Beijing were selected, and physical combustion experiments with/without a sprinkler system were carried out following the provisions of the Code for the Design of Sprinkler Systems. After the experiments, an FDS model was set up using fire dynamics software. The results show that the total heat release rate (HRR) of books and desks is related to the square of time, with a coefficient of 2.528 × 10<sup>−6</sup>, and the maximum heat release rate is 40 KW. Unlike the standard test, the physical combustion experiment is significantly affected by the space. According to numerical simulations, when the sprinkler flow velocity is 60~100 L/min, the water consumption of the sprinkler is 195~218 L. This study lays the foundation for the analysis of the combustion characteristics of small bookstores and provides data support for the installation of simple sprinkler systems in small bookstores.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/6/224small bookstorewater volume of sprayfire testFDS
spellingShingle Peng Du
Jing Liu
Cheng Zhang
Zhixin Zheng
Guangyue Gu
Jiaming Zhao
Feng Yan
Songtao Liu
Rutian Li
Jun Zhang
Fire Test Study and FDS Verification of Spray Water Volume for Small-Sized Bookstores in the Revitalization of Historical Buildings
Fire
small bookstore
water volume of spray
fire test
FDS
title Fire Test Study and FDS Verification of Spray Water Volume for Small-Sized Bookstores in the Revitalization of Historical Buildings
title_full Fire Test Study and FDS Verification of Spray Water Volume for Small-Sized Bookstores in the Revitalization of Historical Buildings
title_fullStr Fire Test Study and FDS Verification of Spray Water Volume for Small-Sized Bookstores in the Revitalization of Historical Buildings
title_full_unstemmed Fire Test Study and FDS Verification of Spray Water Volume for Small-Sized Bookstores in the Revitalization of Historical Buildings
title_short Fire Test Study and FDS Verification of Spray Water Volume for Small-Sized Bookstores in the Revitalization of Historical Buildings
title_sort fire test study and fds verification of spray water volume for small sized bookstores in the revitalization of historical buildings
topic small bookstore
water volume of spray
fire test
FDS
url https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/6/224
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