Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease
Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, it is unclear whether AKI duration affects the long-term risks of CKD and CVD. Therefore, we performed a population-based cohort study examining the associations between...
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Elsevier
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Kidney International Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024924000445 |
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| author | Simon K. Jensen Uffe Heide-Jørgensen Henrik Gammelager Henrik Birn Christian F. Christiansen |
| author_facet | Simon K. Jensen Uffe Heide-Jørgensen Henrik Gammelager Henrik Birn Christian F. Christiansen |
| author_sort | Simon K. Jensen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, it is unclear whether AKI duration affects the long-term risks of CKD and CVD. Therefore, we performed a population-based cohort study examining the associations between AKI duration and CKD and CVD. Methods: We identified patients with laboratory-recorded AKI in Denmark from 1990 through 2018. AKIs were categorized as rapid reversal AKI (≤48 hours), persistent AKI (2–7 days), and acute kidney disease (AKD) (>7 days). We estimated 20-year risks and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of incident CKD and CVD. Results: The study comprised 169,582 patients with AKI, with 100,478 and 76,838 included in the analysis of CKD and CVD, respectively. The 20-year risks of CKD were 26.3%, 29.5%, and 28.7% for rapid reversal AKI, persistent AKI, and AKD, respectively. Compared with rapid reversal AKI, aHRs were 1.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.19) for persistent AKI and 1.36 (95% CI, 1.30–1.41) for AKD. Risks and rates of overall CVD were similar for rapid reversal AKI, persistent AKI, and AKD. However, persistent AKI was associated with a slightly increased aHR of heart failure (1.09; 95% CI, 1.02–1.16), and aHRs of heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and peripheral artery disease were slightly increased for AKD (1.09 [95% CI, 1.03–1.15], 1.11 [95% CI, 1.03–1.19], and 1.10 [95% CI, 1.02–1.17], respectively). Conclusion: AKI duration was associated with development of CKD, but not overall CVD; however, rates of heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and peripheral artery disease increased slightly with AKI duration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-abd7d0f0129648958d73f22e750783a6 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2468-0249 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Kidney International Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-abd7d0f0129648958d73f22e750783a62025-08-20T03:20:19ZengElsevierKidney International Reports2468-02492024-04-019481782910.1016/j.ekir.2024.01.034Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular DiseaseSimon K. Jensen0Uffe Heide-Jørgensen1Henrik Gammelager2Henrik Birn3Christian F. Christiansen4Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Correspondence: Simon K. Jensen, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartments of Clinical Medicine and Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkIntroduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, it is unclear whether AKI duration affects the long-term risks of CKD and CVD. Therefore, we performed a population-based cohort study examining the associations between AKI duration and CKD and CVD. Methods: We identified patients with laboratory-recorded AKI in Denmark from 1990 through 2018. AKIs were categorized as rapid reversal AKI (≤48 hours), persistent AKI (2–7 days), and acute kidney disease (AKD) (>7 days). We estimated 20-year risks and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of incident CKD and CVD. Results: The study comprised 169,582 patients with AKI, with 100,478 and 76,838 included in the analysis of CKD and CVD, respectively. The 20-year risks of CKD were 26.3%, 29.5%, and 28.7% for rapid reversal AKI, persistent AKI, and AKD, respectively. Compared with rapid reversal AKI, aHRs were 1.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.19) for persistent AKI and 1.36 (95% CI, 1.30–1.41) for AKD. Risks and rates of overall CVD were similar for rapid reversal AKI, persistent AKI, and AKD. However, persistent AKI was associated with a slightly increased aHR of heart failure (1.09; 95% CI, 1.02–1.16), and aHRs of heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and peripheral artery disease were slightly increased for AKD (1.09 [95% CI, 1.03–1.15], 1.11 [95% CI, 1.03–1.19], and 1.10 [95% CI, 1.02–1.17], respectively). Conclusion: AKI duration was associated with development of CKD, but not overall CVD; however, rates of heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and peripheral artery disease increased slightly with AKI duration.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024924000445acute kidney injurycardiovascular diseasechronic kidney diseasedurationpopulation-basedprognosis |
| spellingShingle | Simon K. Jensen Uffe Heide-Jørgensen Henrik Gammelager Henrik Birn Christian F. Christiansen Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease Kidney International Reports acute kidney injury cardiovascular disease chronic kidney disease duration population-based prognosis |
| title | Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease |
| title_full | Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease |
| title_fullStr | Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease |
| title_short | Acute Kidney Injury Duration and 20-Year Risks of CKD and Cardiovascular Disease |
| title_sort | acute kidney injury duration and 20 year risks of ckd and cardiovascular disease |
| topic | acute kidney injury cardiovascular disease chronic kidney disease duration population-based prognosis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024924000445 |
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