Salivary hormones in depression: the future in diagnosis and treatment
Abstract Depression is associated with a significant burden on individuals, families, and communities. It leads to impaired social and occupational functioning, increased disability, decreased quality of life, and higher mortality rates, often due to suicide. A recent estimate from the World Health...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-02-01
|
| Series: | Annals of General Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-025-00548-y |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850190423201415168 |
|---|---|
| author | Stefan Harsanyi Ida Kupcova Maria Csobonyeiova Martin Klein |
| author_facet | Stefan Harsanyi Ida Kupcova Maria Csobonyeiova Martin Klein |
| author_sort | Stefan Harsanyi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Depression is associated with a significant burden on individuals, families, and communities. It leads to impaired social and occupational functioning, increased disability, decreased quality of life, and higher mortality rates, often due to suicide. A recent estimate from the World Health Organization (WHO) states that over 280 million people of all ages suffer from depression, which equals approximately 3.8% of the world population. Despite effective treatments for mental disorders, a dire treatment gap persists. This treatment gap could be reduced by effective and available diagnostic methods that have the potential to aid in depression diagnosis, stratification of patient subgroups, and treatment monitoring. In this regard, salivary hormones have been studied as potential markers for different types and etiologies of depression due to the convenience of non-invasive sample collection and their correlation with certain aspects of mood and mental health. The literature suggests they can help clinicians assess an individual’s stress response, hormonal imbalances, and treatment response, leading to more personalized and effective interventions. In this review, we offer an up-to-date look at all studied salivary hormones associated with depression, including Cortisol, Melatonin, Oxytocin, Serotonin, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Testosterone, Progesterone, and Estradiol. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-abbee63c0f89430fad34bca59675938b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1744-859X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of General Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-abbee63c0f89430fad34bca59675938b2025-08-20T02:15:17ZengBMCAnnals of General Psychiatry1744-859X2025-02-0124111110.1186/s12991-025-00548-ySalivary hormones in depression: the future in diagnosis and treatmentStefan Harsanyi0Ida Kupcova1Maria Csobonyeiova2Martin Klein3Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in BratislavaInstitute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in BratislavaInstitute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in BratislavaInstitute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in BratislavaAbstract Depression is associated with a significant burden on individuals, families, and communities. It leads to impaired social and occupational functioning, increased disability, decreased quality of life, and higher mortality rates, often due to suicide. A recent estimate from the World Health Organization (WHO) states that over 280 million people of all ages suffer from depression, which equals approximately 3.8% of the world population. Despite effective treatments for mental disorders, a dire treatment gap persists. This treatment gap could be reduced by effective and available diagnostic methods that have the potential to aid in depression diagnosis, stratification of patient subgroups, and treatment monitoring. In this regard, salivary hormones have been studied as potential markers for different types and etiologies of depression due to the convenience of non-invasive sample collection and their correlation with certain aspects of mood and mental health. The literature suggests they can help clinicians assess an individual’s stress response, hormonal imbalances, and treatment response, leading to more personalized and effective interventions. In this review, we offer an up-to-date look at all studied salivary hormones associated with depression, including Cortisol, Melatonin, Oxytocin, Serotonin, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Testosterone, Progesterone, and Estradiol.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-025-00548-yDepressionSalivaryBiomarkersCortisolMelatoninOxytocin |
| spellingShingle | Stefan Harsanyi Ida Kupcova Maria Csobonyeiova Martin Klein Salivary hormones in depression: the future in diagnosis and treatment Annals of General Psychiatry Depression Salivary Biomarkers Cortisol Melatonin Oxytocin |
| title | Salivary hormones in depression: the future in diagnosis and treatment |
| title_full | Salivary hormones in depression: the future in diagnosis and treatment |
| title_fullStr | Salivary hormones in depression: the future in diagnosis and treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salivary hormones in depression: the future in diagnosis and treatment |
| title_short | Salivary hormones in depression: the future in diagnosis and treatment |
| title_sort | salivary hormones in depression the future in diagnosis and treatment |
| topic | Depression Salivary Biomarkers Cortisol Melatonin Oxytocin |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-025-00548-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stefanharsanyi salivaryhormonesindepressionthefutureindiagnosisandtreatment AT idakupcova salivaryhormonesindepressionthefutureindiagnosisandtreatment AT mariacsobonyeiova salivaryhormonesindepressionthefutureindiagnosisandtreatment AT martinklein salivaryhormonesindepressionthefutureindiagnosisandtreatment |