Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH Approach
Chromosomal instability in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neurons has been previously reported. This pilot study aimed to establish a quantitative technique for assessing X chromosome centromere signals using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Hippocampal brain tissue was collected at autopsy from...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Biljana Spremo-Potparević Petar Popović Dijana Topalović Andrea Pirković George Perry Lada Živković |
| author_facet | Biljana Spremo-Potparević Petar Popović Dijana Topalović Andrea Pirković George Perry Lada Živković |
| author_sort | Biljana Spremo-Potparević |
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| description | Chromosomal instability in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neurons has been previously reported. This pilot study aimed to establish a quantitative technique for assessing X chromosome centromere signals using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Hippocampal brain tissue was collected at autopsy from sporadic AD patients and age- and gender-matched controls. FISH was utilized to detect and measure the intensity of hybridization signals for X chromosome centromeres in the interphase nuclei of hippocampal brain cells. The premature centromere division (PCD) phenomenon, marked by a close bipartite signal appearing as two separated FISH spots, was examined to see if the hybridized DNA amount in each spot matched the expected centromere DNA amount. The technique effectively distinguished between PCD+ and PCD− signals. The average PCD frequency of the X chromosome in the AD group was 7 ± 1%, compared with 3.2 ± 0.84% in the controls. This quantitative approach supports qualitative analyses of FISH centromere spots, reinforcing findings of chromosomal instability in AD. The presence of a double signal at the centromere of a single X chromosome indicates re-entered cell cycles, DNA replication, and PCD in hippocampal neurons. This technique provides a reliable method for identifying PCD + signals and contributes to understanding chromosomal instability in AD. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1467-3037 1467-3045 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj-art-abb618ac0a2a42c081cbaeaf26e985f02025-08-20T03:27:18ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452025-06-0147642010.3390/cimb47060420Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH ApproachBiljana Spremo-Potparević0Petar Popović1Dijana Topalović2Andrea Pirković3George Perry4Lada Živković5Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaCollege of Sciences, The University of Texas, UTSA, San Antonio, TX 78249, USADepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaChromosomal instability in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neurons has been previously reported. This pilot study aimed to establish a quantitative technique for assessing X chromosome centromere signals using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Hippocampal brain tissue was collected at autopsy from sporadic AD patients and age- and gender-matched controls. FISH was utilized to detect and measure the intensity of hybridization signals for X chromosome centromeres in the interphase nuclei of hippocampal brain cells. The premature centromere division (PCD) phenomenon, marked by a close bipartite signal appearing as two separated FISH spots, was examined to see if the hybridized DNA amount in each spot matched the expected centromere DNA amount. The technique effectively distinguished between PCD+ and PCD− signals. The average PCD frequency of the X chromosome in the AD group was 7 ± 1%, compared with 3.2 ± 0.84% in the controls. This quantitative approach supports qualitative analyses of FISH centromere spots, reinforcing findings of chromosomal instability in AD. The presence of a double signal at the centromere of a single X chromosome indicates re-entered cell cycles, DNA replication, and PCD in hippocampal neurons. This technique provides a reliable method for identifying PCD + signals and contributes to understanding chromosomal instability in AD.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/6/420Alzheimer’s diseasepremature centromere divisionX chromosomechromosomal instabilityfluorescence in situ hybridization |
| spellingShingle | Biljana Spremo-Potparević Petar Popović Dijana Topalović Andrea Pirković George Perry Lada Živković Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH Approach Current Issues in Molecular Biology Alzheimer’s disease premature centromere division X chromosome chromosomal instability fluorescence in situ hybridization |
| title | Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH Approach |
| title_full | Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH Approach |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH Approach |
| title_short | Assessment of X Chromosome Centromere Instability in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Quantitative FISH Approach |
| title_sort | assessment of x chromosome centromere instability in alzheimer s disease a quantitative fish approach |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease premature centromere division X chromosome chromosomal instability fluorescence in situ hybridization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/6/420 |
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