Microwave-Assisted Carbonization Processing for Carbon Dot-like Nanomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties
Carbon dots (CDots) are classically defined as small carbon nanoparticles with effective surface passivation, which, in the classical synthesis, has been accomplished by surface organic functionalization. CDot-like nanostructures could also be produced by the thermal carbonization processing of sele...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Micro |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8023/5/1/14 |
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| author | Buta Singh Audrey F. Adcock Simran Dumra Jordan Collins Liju Yang Christopher E. Bunker Haijun Qian Mohammed J. Meziani Ya-Ping Sun |
| author_facet | Buta Singh Audrey F. Adcock Simran Dumra Jordan Collins Liju Yang Christopher E. Bunker Haijun Qian Mohammed J. Meziani Ya-Ping Sun |
| author_sort | Buta Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbon dots (CDots) are classically defined as small carbon nanoparticles with effective surface passivation, which, in the classical synthesis, has been accomplished by surface organic functionalization. CDot-like nanostructures could also be produced by the thermal carbonization processing of selected organic precursors, in which the non-molecular nanocarbons resulting from the carbonization are embedded in the remaining organic species, which may provide the passivation function for the nanocarbons. In this work, a mixture of oligomeric polyethylenimine and citric acid in the solid state was used for efficient thermal carbonization processing with microwave irradiation under various conditions to produce dot samples with different nanocarbon content. The samples were characterized in terms of their structural and morphological features regarding their similarity or equivalency to those of the classical CDots, along with their significant divergences. Also evaluated were their optical spectroscopic properties and their photoinduced antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial species. The advantages and disadvantages of the thermal carbonization processing method and the resulting dot samples with various features and properties mimicking those of classically synthesized CDots are discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ab862985307c4c4591c919ec53ca0224 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2673-8023 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micro |
| spelling | doaj-art-ab862985307c4c4591c919ec53ca02242025-08-20T02:42:27ZengMDPI AGMicro2673-80232025-03-01511410.3390/micro5010014Microwave-Assisted Carbonization Processing for Carbon Dot-like Nanomaterials with Antimicrobial PropertiesButa Singh0Audrey F. Adcock1Simran Dumra2Jordan Collins3Liju Yang4Christopher E. Bunker5Haijun Qian6Mohammed J. Meziani7Ya-Ping Sun8Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USADepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USADepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USAAir Force Research Laboratory, Aerospace Systems Directorate, Combustion Branch, Turbine Engine Division, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USAElectron Microscopy Facility, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USADepartment of Natural Sciences, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO 64468, USADepartment of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USACarbon dots (CDots) are classically defined as small carbon nanoparticles with effective surface passivation, which, in the classical synthesis, has been accomplished by surface organic functionalization. CDot-like nanostructures could also be produced by the thermal carbonization processing of selected organic precursors, in which the non-molecular nanocarbons resulting from the carbonization are embedded in the remaining organic species, which may provide the passivation function for the nanocarbons. In this work, a mixture of oligomeric polyethylenimine and citric acid in the solid state was used for efficient thermal carbonization processing with microwave irradiation under various conditions to produce dot samples with different nanocarbon content. The samples were characterized in terms of their structural and morphological features regarding their similarity or equivalency to those of the classical CDots, along with their significant divergences. Also evaluated were their optical spectroscopic properties and their photoinduced antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial species. The advantages and disadvantages of the thermal carbonization processing method and the resulting dot samples with various features and properties mimicking those of classically synthesized CDots are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8023/5/1/14nanocarbon/organic hybridsthermal processingnanocarbon contentoptical absorptionfluorescence emissionnanocomposite-like |
| spellingShingle | Buta Singh Audrey F. Adcock Simran Dumra Jordan Collins Liju Yang Christopher E. Bunker Haijun Qian Mohammed J. Meziani Ya-Ping Sun Microwave-Assisted Carbonization Processing for Carbon Dot-like Nanomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties Micro nanocarbon/organic hybrids thermal processing nanocarbon content optical absorption fluorescence emission nanocomposite-like |
| title | Microwave-Assisted Carbonization Processing for Carbon Dot-like Nanomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_full | Microwave-Assisted Carbonization Processing for Carbon Dot-like Nanomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_fullStr | Microwave-Assisted Carbonization Processing for Carbon Dot-like Nanomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microwave-Assisted Carbonization Processing for Carbon Dot-like Nanomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_short | Microwave-Assisted Carbonization Processing for Carbon Dot-like Nanomaterials with Antimicrobial Properties |
| title_sort | microwave assisted carbonization processing for carbon dot like nanomaterials with antimicrobial properties |
| topic | nanocarbon/organic hybrids thermal processing nanocarbon content optical absorption fluorescence emission nanocomposite-like |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8023/5/1/14 |
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