Detection of Viruses and Elimination of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus in High-Yielding Varieties of Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) from Ethiopia

Sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L. Lam.) is a major source of food in many parts of Ethiopia. In recent years, viral diseases have become the main threat to sweet potato production in Ethiopia. Previous virus survey studies carried out from 1986 to 2020 reported eight viruses infect...

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Main Authors: Dereje Haile Buko, Carl Spetz, Trine (A.K.) Hvoslef-Eide
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Agriculture
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1929
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author Dereje Haile Buko
Carl Spetz
Trine (A.K.) Hvoslef-Eide
author_facet Dereje Haile Buko
Carl Spetz
Trine (A.K.) Hvoslef-Eide
author_sort Dereje Haile Buko
collection DOAJ
description Sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L. Lam.) is a major source of food in many parts of Ethiopia. In recent years, viral diseases have become the main threat to sweet potato production in Ethiopia. Previous virus survey studies carried out from 1986 to 2020 reported eight viruses infecting sweet potato in Ethiopia. Consequently, obtaining and multiplying virus-free planting materials have been difficult for farmers and commercial multipliers. This study was conducted to detect viruses infecting the five sweet potato varieties used as source plants and compare the virus elimination efficiency between meristem cultures from untreated and heat-treated mother plants and production of virus-free sweet-potato-planting materials. Seven common viruses were tested for, using grafting to <i>Ipomoea setosa,</i> enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) before and after elimination procedures as screening and confirmatory methods. The sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) elimination efficiencies of meristem cultures from untreated (grown at 25 ± 1 °C) and heat-treated (grown at 39 ± 1 °C) potted plants of sweet potato varieties were evaluated and compared. Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) was detected in 12 of the 15 source plants tested. Triple infections of SPFMV, sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV), and sweet potato virus C (SPVC) were detected in one of the fifteen plants. This study reports the detection of SPVC for the first time in sweet potato plants from Ethiopia. The cutting of meristems from heat-treated plants further increased the percentage of virus-free plantlets by ca 10% to ca 16%, depending on the plant variety. Elimination efficiency also seemed to vary among varieties: the greatest difference was observed for ‘Tola’, and the least difference was observed for ‘Guntute’. The present study provided protocols for detecting viruses and generating virus-free sweet-potato-planting materials in Ethiopia.
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spelling doaj-art-ab7b1a5ffd5e4e5984f950ff6696b4642025-08-20T02:07:56ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722024-10-011411192910.3390/agriculture14111929Detection of Viruses and Elimination of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus in High-Yielding Varieties of Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) from EthiopiaDereje Haile Buko0Carl Spetz1Trine (A.K.) Hvoslef-Eide2School of Plant and Horticultural Sciences, Hawassa University (HwU), Hawassa P.O. Box 05, EthiopiaNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), P.O. Box 115, 1431 Ås, NorwayDepartment of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, NorwaySweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L. Lam.) is a major source of food in many parts of Ethiopia. In recent years, viral diseases have become the main threat to sweet potato production in Ethiopia. Previous virus survey studies carried out from 1986 to 2020 reported eight viruses infecting sweet potato in Ethiopia. Consequently, obtaining and multiplying virus-free planting materials have been difficult for farmers and commercial multipliers. This study was conducted to detect viruses infecting the five sweet potato varieties used as source plants and compare the virus elimination efficiency between meristem cultures from untreated and heat-treated mother plants and production of virus-free sweet-potato-planting materials. Seven common viruses were tested for, using grafting to <i>Ipomoea setosa,</i> enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) before and after elimination procedures as screening and confirmatory methods. The sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) elimination efficiencies of meristem cultures from untreated (grown at 25 ± 1 °C) and heat-treated (grown at 39 ± 1 °C) potted plants of sweet potato varieties were evaluated and compared. Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) was detected in 12 of the 15 source plants tested. Triple infections of SPFMV, sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV), and sweet potato virus C (SPVC) were detected in one of the fifteen plants. This study reports the detection of SPVC for the first time in sweet potato plants from Ethiopia. The cutting of meristems from heat-treated plants further increased the percentage of virus-free plantlets by ca 10% to ca 16%, depending on the plant variety. Elimination efficiency also seemed to vary among varieties: the greatest difference was observed for ‘Tola’, and the least difference was observed for ‘Guntute’. The present study provided protocols for detecting viruses and generating virus-free sweet-potato-planting materials in Ethiopia.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1929virus eliminationvirus-free planting materialgraft indexingELISART-PCR
spellingShingle Dereje Haile Buko
Carl Spetz
Trine (A.K.) Hvoslef-Eide
Detection of Viruses and Elimination of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus in High-Yielding Varieties of Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) from Ethiopia
Agriculture
virus elimination
virus-free planting material
graft indexing
ELISA
RT-PCR
title Detection of Viruses and Elimination of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus in High-Yielding Varieties of Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) from Ethiopia
title_full Detection of Viruses and Elimination of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus in High-Yielding Varieties of Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) from Ethiopia
title_fullStr Detection of Viruses and Elimination of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus in High-Yielding Varieties of Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) from Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Detection of Viruses and Elimination of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus in High-Yielding Varieties of Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) from Ethiopia
title_short Detection of Viruses and Elimination of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus in High-Yielding Varieties of Sweet Potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i>) from Ethiopia
title_sort detection of viruses and elimination of sweet potato feathery mottle virus in high yielding varieties of sweet potato i ipomoea batatas i from ethiopia
topic virus elimination
virus-free planting material
graft indexing
ELISA
RT-PCR
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/11/1929
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