To Study the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Himachal Pradesh

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of developing immature blood vessels in the retina of premature neonates. With the recent advances in neonatal care, there has been improvement in rates of survival in premature infants. The factors playing a role in ROP include low gestation...

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Main Authors: Richa Sharma, Rajeev Tuli, Gaurav Sharma, Indu Dhiman, Piyush Gautam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2024-07-01
Series:Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_72_24
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author Richa Sharma
Rajeev Tuli
Gaurav Sharma
Indu Dhiman
Piyush Gautam
author_facet Richa Sharma
Rajeev Tuli
Gaurav Sharma
Indu Dhiman
Piyush Gautam
author_sort Richa Sharma
collection DOAJ
description Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of developing immature blood vessels in the retina of premature neonates. With the recent advances in neonatal care, there has been improvement in rates of survival in premature infants. The factors playing a role in ROP include low gestational age, low birth weight, and increased oxygen supplementation after birth. Aims: To study the incidence and risk factors of ROP in Himachal Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Himachal Pradesh for duration of 1 year. One hundred and seventy-one new-born babies were screened with birth weight ≤2000 g and gestational age ≤34 weeks. New-born babies with risk factors referred to us for ROP screening were also included. History was taken from parents/guardians and dilated fundus examination was done. The grading of stages and zones was done. Results: Out of the 171 new-born babies screened, 72 babies (42.11%) had ROP. Out of 72 babies having ROP, the highest percentage of newborns was found to have aggressive ROP (27.8%) followed by Stage 1 (26.4%), Stage 3 (23.6%), Stage 2 (20.8%), and Stage 4a (1.4%), respectively. None of the patient had Stage 4b and Stage 5 ROP. Oxygen exposure, low gestational age, low birth weight, mechanical ventilation, anemia, and respiratory distress syndrome were the factors associated with ROP. Conclusions: ROP is a preventable cause of blindness in childhood. To decrease the burden of this disease, prevention of risk factors, early screening, prompt diagnosis, and early referral for adequate intervention are the only key.
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spelling doaj-art-ab5cd43797464a57ba75f445bb524a0c2025-08-20T03:52:29ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsDelhi Journal of Ophthalmology0972-02002454-27842024-07-0134318619210.4103/DLJO.DLJO_72_24To Study the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Himachal PradeshRicha SharmaRajeev TuliGaurav SharmaIndu DhimanPiyush GautamBackground: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of developing immature blood vessels in the retina of premature neonates. With the recent advances in neonatal care, there has been improvement in rates of survival in premature infants. The factors playing a role in ROP include low gestational age, low birth weight, and increased oxygen supplementation after birth. Aims: To study the incidence and risk factors of ROP in Himachal Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Himachal Pradesh for duration of 1 year. One hundred and seventy-one new-born babies were screened with birth weight ≤2000 g and gestational age ≤34 weeks. New-born babies with risk factors referred to us for ROP screening were also included. History was taken from parents/guardians and dilated fundus examination was done. The grading of stages and zones was done. Results: Out of the 171 new-born babies screened, 72 babies (42.11%) had ROP. Out of 72 babies having ROP, the highest percentage of newborns was found to have aggressive ROP (27.8%) followed by Stage 1 (26.4%), Stage 3 (23.6%), Stage 2 (20.8%), and Stage 4a (1.4%), respectively. None of the patient had Stage 4b and Stage 5 ROP. Oxygen exposure, low gestational age, low birth weight, mechanical ventilation, anemia, and respiratory distress syndrome were the factors associated with ROP. Conclusions: ROP is a preventable cause of blindness in childhood. To decrease the burden of this disease, prevention of risk factors, early screening, prompt diagnosis, and early referral for adequate intervention are the only key.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_72_24low birth weightpretermretinopathy of prematurity
spellingShingle Richa Sharma
Rajeev Tuli
Gaurav Sharma
Indu Dhiman
Piyush Gautam
To Study the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Himachal Pradesh
Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
low birth weight
preterm
retinopathy of prematurity
title To Study the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Himachal Pradesh
title_full To Study the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Himachal Pradesh
title_fullStr To Study the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Himachal Pradesh
title_full_unstemmed To Study the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Himachal Pradesh
title_short To Study the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Himachal Pradesh
title_sort to study the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in himachal pradesh
topic low birth weight
preterm
retinopathy of prematurity
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/DLJO.DLJO_72_24
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