Optimization of Breeding Tools in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) and Identification of Suitable Breeding Material for NW Europe
Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) cultivation has become increasingly popular in NW Europe but little is known about the performance of contract-free varieties in this region. In this study, we phenotyped 25 quinoa varieties on a single-plant basis in a field trial in Belgium. In additi...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/1/3 |
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| author | Tim Vleugels Chris Van Waes Ellen De Keyser Gerda Cnops |
| author_facet | Tim Vleugels Chris Van Waes Ellen De Keyser Gerda Cnops |
| author_sort | Tim Vleugels |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) cultivation has become increasingly popular in NW Europe but little is known about the performance of contract-free varieties in this region. In this study, we phenotyped 25 quinoa varieties on a single-plant basis in a field trial in Belgium. In addition, we optimized breeding tools such as NIRS (near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy) to estimate the seed crude protein content and a multiplex PCR set to identify true F<sub>1</sub> progeny from pair crosses. We identified 14 varieties with sufficiently early maturity, 17 varieties with plant height below 150 cm, 21 large-seeded varieties, four varieties with a crude protein content exceeding 15%, and two low-saponin varieties. A variety of seed colors and plant morphological traits was observed. Seed yield was not correlated with maturity, plant height or saponin content, but was negatively correlated with seed crude protein content. NIRS could accurately predict seed crude protein content with a determination coefficient of 0.94. Our multiplex SSR set could correctly identify the paternity in 77% to 97% of progeny, depending on the pair cross. In conclusion, our study identified various contract-free varieties that may be suitable for cultivation in NW Europe. In addition, our study provides valuable phenotypic information and breeding tools that breeders can harness for breeding efforts in NW European quinoa. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ab4d69a35ceb4205aea6982703005ac1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-ab4d69a35ceb4205aea6982703005ac12025-01-10T13:19:27ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-12-01141310.3390/plants14010003Optimization of Breeding Tools in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) and Identification of Suitable Breeding Material for NW EuropeTim Vleugels0Chris Van Waes1Ellen De Keyser2Gerda Cnops3Plant Sciences Unit, ILVO (Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food), Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, BelgiumPlant Sciences Unit, ILVO (Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food), Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 109, 9820 Merelbeke, BelgiumPlant Sciences Unit, ILVO (Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food), Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, BelgiumPlant Sciences Unit, ILVO (Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food), Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, BelgiumQuinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) cultivation has become increasingly popular in NW Europe but little is known about the performance of contract-free varieties in this region. In this study, we phenotyped 25 quinoa varieties on a single-plant basis in a field trial in Belgium. In addition, we optimized breeding tools such as NIRS (near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy) to estimate the seed crude protein content and a multiplex PCR set to identify true F<sub>1</sub> progeny from pair crosses. We identified 14 varieties with sufficiently early maturity, 17 varieties with plant height below 150 cm, 21 large-seeded varieties, four varieties with a crude protein content exceeding 15%, and two low-saponin varieties. A variety of seed colors and plant morphological traits was observed. Seed yield was not correlated with maturity, plant height or saponin content, but was negatively correlated with seed crude protein content. NIRS could accurately predict seed crude protein content with a determination coefficient of 0.94. Our multiplex SSR set could correctly identify the paternity in 77% to 97% of progeny, depending on the pair cross. In conclusion, our study identified various contract-free varieties that may be suitable for cultivation in NW Europe. In addition, our study provides valuable phenotypic information and breeding tools that breeders can harness for breeding efforts in NW European quinoa.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/1/3<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>morphological traitsproductivity traitscrude protein contentSSR markersNIRS |
| spellingShingle | Tim Vleugels Chris Van Waes Ellen De Keyser Gerda Cnops Optimization of Breeding Tools in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) and Identification of Suitable Breeding Material for NW Europe Plants <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> morphological traits productivity traits crude protein content SSR markers NIRS |
| title | Optimization of Breeding Tools in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) and Identification of Suitable Breeding Material for NW Europe |
| title_full | Optimization of Breeding Tools in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) and Identification of Suitable Breeding Material for NW Europe |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of Breeding Tools in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) and Identification of Suitable Breeding Material for NW Europe |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of Breeding Tools in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) and Identification of Suitable Breeding Material for NW Europe |
| title_short | Optimization of Breeding Tools in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>) and Identification of Suitable Breeding Material for NW Europe |
| title_sort | optimization of breeding tools in quinoa i chenopodium quinoa i and identification of suitable breeding material for nw europe |
| topic | <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> morphological traits productivity traits crude protein content SSR markers NIRS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/1/3 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT timvleugels optimizationofbreedingtoolsinquinoaichenopodiumquinoaiandidentificationofsuitablebreedingmaterialfornweurope AT chrisvanwaes optimizationofbreedingtoolsinquinoaichenopodiumquinoaiandidentificationofsuitablebreedingmaterialfornweurope AT ellendekeyser optimizationofbreedingtoolsinquinoaichenopodiumquinoaiandidentificationofsuitablebreedingmaterialfornweurope AT gerdacnops optimizationofbreedingtoolsinquinoaichenopodiumquinoaiandidentificationofsuitablebreedingmaterialfornweurope |