Impact of Tunnel Groups on Pupil Diameter of Drivers on Mountainous Freeway in China: A Real-World Driving Study

A real-world driving experiment was performed in the Wen-Ma section of the G4217 Rong-Chang Freeway situated in the Sichuan Province to investigate the impact law of the pupil diameter of drivers in tunnel groups on the mountainous freeway. The eye-movement data of drivers were collected, and the pe...

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Main Authors: Jianping Gao, Sijie Zhang, Yunyong He, Qi Zhang, Lu Sun, Chang Lu, Yi Wu, Enhuai He, Changfeng Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:Journal of Advanced Transportation
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5629536
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author Jianping Gao
Sijie Zhang
Yunyong He
Qi Zhang
Lu Sun
Chang Lu
Yi Wu
Enhuai He
Changfeng Yang
author_facet Jianping Gao
Sijie Zhang
Yunyong He
Qi Zhang
Lu Sun
Chang Lu
Yi Wu
Enhuai He
Changfeng Yang
author_sort Jianping Gao
collection DOAJ
description A real-world driving experiment was performed in the Wen-Ma section of the G4217 Rong-Chang Freeway situated in the Sichuan Province to investigate the impact law of the pupil diameter of drivers in tunnel groups on the mountainous freeway. The eye-movement data of drivers were collected, and the percentage of pupil diameter variable (PPDV) was used as a visual characteristic index. The analysis of the overall change in the PPDV of drivers in the experimental sections demonstrated that the PPDV in tunnel groups differed significantly between the nontunnel sections and single tunnel sections. Subsequently, a related model for the PPDV of drivers and the length of the connecting zone between tunnels was established, its reliability evaluated, and the smooth mutation value obtained on the basis of the mutation theory. Thereafter, a tunnel group definition standard based on the visual effect of drivers was developed. A six-zone approach was devised for the analysis of tunnel groups, and the result revealed that the different zones in the tunnel group have different impact on PPDV of drivers. The results revealed that the different zones of tunnel group have different impact on PPDV of drivers. Furthermore, lighting transition facilities should be set in the exit section of tunnel. The PPDV of drivers was negatively correlated with the length of the connecting zone of tunnel groups, and 100 m is the recommended safety length threshold for the connecting zone of tunnel groups.
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institution Kabale University
issn 0197-6729
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language English
publishDate 2021-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Journal of Advanced Transportation
spelling doaj-art-ab319c26d7004c02b03bd8b15dcd83c12025-02-03T06:05:32ZengWileyJournal of Advanced Transportation0197-67292042-31952021-01-01202110.1155/2021/56295365629536Impact of Tunnel Groups on Pupil Diameter of Drivers on Mountainous Freeway in China: A Real-World Driving StudyJianping Gao0Sijie Zhang1Yunyong He2Qi Zhang3Lu Sun4Chang Lu5Yi Wu6Enhuai He7Changfeng Yang8School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, 66 Xuefu Avenue, Nan‘an District, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, 66 Xuefu Avenue, Nan‘an District, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSichuan Highway Planning, Survey, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, 66 Xuefu Avenue, Nan‘an District, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSichuan Highway Planning, Survey, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, 66 Xuefu Avenue, Nan‘an District, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, 66 Xuefu Avenue, Nan‘an District, Chongqing 400074, ChinaSichuan Highway Planning, Survey, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, ChinaSichuan Highway Planning, Survey, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, ChinaA real-world driving experiment was performed in the Wen-Ma section of the G4217 Rong-Chang Freeway situated in the Sichuan Province to investigate the impact law of the pupil diameter of drivers in tunnel groups on the mountainous freeway. The eye-movement data of drivers were collected, and the percentage of pupil diameter variable (PPDV) was used as a visual characteristic index. The analysis of the overall change in the PPDV of drivers in the experimental sections demonstrated that the PPDV in tunnel groups differed significantly between the nontunnel sections and single tunnel sections. Subsequently, a related model for the PPDV of drivers and the length of the connecting zone between tunnels was established, its reliability evaluated, and the smooth mutation value obtained on the basis of the mutation theory. Thereafter, a tunnel group definition standard based on the visual effect of drivers was developed. A six-zone approach was devised for the analysis of tunnel groups, and the result revealed that the different zones in the tunnel group have different impact on PPDV of drivers. The results revealed that the different zones of tunnel group have different impact on PPDV of drivers. Furthermore, lighting transition facilities should be set in the exit section of tunnel. The PPDV of drivers was negatively correlated with the length of the connecting zone of tunnel groups, and 100 m is the recommended safety length threshold for the connecting zone of tunnel groups.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5629536
spellingShingle Jianping Gao
Sijie Zhang
Yunyong He
Qi Zhang
Lu Sun
Chang Lu
Yi Wu
Enhuai He
Changfeng Yang
Impact of Tunnel Groups on Pupil Diameter of Drivers on Mountainous Freeway in China: A Real-World Driving Study
Journal of Advanced Transportation
title Impact of Tunnel Groups on Pupil Diameter of Drivers on Mountainous Freeway in China: A Real-World Driving Study
title_full Impact of Tunnel Groups on Pupil Diameter of Drivers on Mountainous Freeway in China: A Real-World Driving Study
title_fullStr Impact of Tunnel Groups on Pupil Diameter of Drivers on Mountainous Freeway in China: A Real-World Driving Study
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Tunnel Groups on Pupil Diameter of Drivers on Mountainous Freeway in China: A Real-World Driving Study
title_short Impact of Tunnel Groups on Pupil Diameter of Drivers on Mountainous Freeway in China: A Real-World Driving Study
title_sort impact of tunnel groups on pupil diameter of drivers on mountainous freeway in china a real world driving study
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5629536
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