Risk Factor of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis among Stunted Children in Bandung Regency, Indonesia
Background: Stunting, resulting from chronic malnutrition, increases susceptibility to infections due to immature immunity. Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis may contribute to stunting. We aimed to determine the characteristics of intestinal protozoan infection among stunting children. Me...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Iranian Journal of Parasitology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/4283 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850116009326804992 |
|---|---|
| author | Nisa Fauziah Ika Puspa Sari Lia Faridah Irvan Afriandi Ryadi Adrizain Naufal Fakhri Nugraha Agnes Kurniawan |
| author_facet | Nisa Fauziah Ika Puspa Sari Lia Faridah Irvan Afriandi Ryadi Adrizain Naufal Fakhri Nugraha Agnes Kurniawan |
| author_sort | Nisa Fauziah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background: Stunting, resulting from chronic malnutrition, increases susceptibility to infections due to immature immunity. Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis may contribute to stunting. We aimed to determine the characteristics of intestinal protozoan infection among stunting children.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 among 280 stunted children in Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Faecal specimens were collected, with portions preserved separately in 10% formaldehyde and RNA Later solution. Of these, 230 met the examination criteria. Risk factors and demographic data were obtained through interviews. DNA was extracted, and intestinal protozoan infection were detected using PCR targeting the 18S SSU rRNA gene for B. hominis and 16S-like RNA gene for G. duodenalis.
Results: The prevalence of G. duodenalis and B. hominis was 5.6% (13/230) and 55.6% (128/230), respectively. Multivariate analysis identified age (P-value 0.004; OR 0.327) and no availability of a septic tank (P-value 0.021; OR 4.881) were the significant risk factors for G. duodenalis infection. For B. hominis infection, significant risk factors included age (P-value 0.033; OR 0.722) and gender (P-value 0.047; OR 1.742).
Conclusion: Stunting and intestinal protozoan infection present a dual burden. G. duodenalis and B. hominis infections were prevalent among stunted children. Significant risk factors included age and septic tank unavailability for G. duodenalis, while age and gender were associated with B. hominis infection. Improved sanitation and targeted interventions are essential to reduce infection risks.
|
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ab14c5705e6d4b0f916da8fe58c384bc |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1735-7020 2008-238X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Parasitology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ab14c5705e6d4b0f916da8fe58c384bc2025-08-20T02:36:26ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Parasitology1735-70202008-238X2025-06-0120210.18502/ijpa.v20i2.19048Risk Factor of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis among Stunted Children in Bandung Regency, IndonesiaNisa Fauziah0Ika Puspa Sari1Lia Faridah2Irvan Afriandi3Ryadi Adrizain4Naufal Fakhri Nugraha5Agnes Kurniawan61. Division of Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Ban-dung, West Java, Indonesia 2. Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java Indonesia 3. Universitas Padjadjaran Hospital, Sumedang, West Java, IndonesiaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia1. Division of Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia 2. Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease (R3CID), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia 3. Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/ Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia1. Universitas Padjadjaran Hospital, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia 2. Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease (R3CID), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Background: Stunting, resulting from chronic malnutrition, increases susceptibility to infections due to immature immunity. Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis may contribute to stunting. We aimed to determine the characteristics of intestinal protozoan infection among stunting children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 among 280 stunted children in Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Faecal specimens were collected, with portions preserved separately in 10% formaldehyde and RNA Later solution. Of these, 230 met the examination criteria. Risk factors and demographic data were obtained through interviews. DNA was extracted, and intestinal protozoan infection were detected using PCR targeting the 18S SSU rRNA gene for B. hominis and 16S-like RNA gene for G. duodenalis. Results: The prevalence of G. duodenalis and B. hominis was 5.6% (13/230) and 55.6% (128/230), respectively. Multivariate analysis identified age (P-value 0.004; OR 0.327) and no availability of a septic tank (P-value 0.021; OR 4.881) were the significant risk factors for G. duodenalis infection. For B. hominis infection, significant risk factors included age (P-value 0.033; OR 0.722) and gender (P-value 0.047; OR 1.742). Conclusion: Stunting and intestinal protozoan infection present a dual burden. G. duodenalis and B. hominis infections were prevalent among stunted children. Significant risk factors included age and septic tank unavailability for G. duodenalis, while age and gender were associated with B. hominis infection. Improved sanitation and targeted interventions are essential to reduce infection risks. https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/4283Blastocystis hominisChildrenGiardia duodenalisIntestinal protozoan infectionStunting |
| spellingShingle | Nisa Fauziah Ika Puspa Sari Lia Faridah Irvan Afriandi Ryadi Adrizain Naufal Fakhri Nugraha Agnes Kurniawan Risk Factor of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis among Stunted Children in Bandung Regency, Indonesia Iranian Journal of Parasitology Blastocystis hominis Children Giardia duodenalis Intestinal protozoan infection Stunting |
| title | Risk Factor of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis among Stunted Children in Bandung Regency, Indonesia |
| title_full | Risk Factor of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis among Stunted Children in Bandung Regency, Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Risk Factor of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis among Stunted Children in Bandung Regency, Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Factor of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis among Stunted Children in Bandung Regency, Indonesia |
| title_short | Risk Factor of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia duodenalis among Stunted Children in Bandung Regency, Indonesia |
| title_sort | risk factor of blastocystis hominis and giardia duodenalis among stunted children in bandung regency indonesia |
| topic | Blastocystis hominis Children Giardia duodenalis Intestinal protozoan infection Stunting |
| url | https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/4283 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nisafauziah riskfactorofblastocystishominisandgiardiaduodenalisamongstuntedchildreninbandungregencyindonesia AT ikapuspasari riskfactorofblastocystishominisandgiardiaduodenalisamongstuntedchildreninbandungregencyindonesia AT liafaridah riskfactorofblastocystishominisandgiardiaduodenalisamongstuntedchildreninbandungregencyindonesia AT irvanafriandi riskfactorofblastocystishominisandgiardiaduodenalisamongstuntedchildreninbandungregencyindonesia AT ryadiadrizain riskfactorofblastocystishominisandgiardiaduodenalisamongstuntedchildreninbandungregencyindonesia AT naufalfakhrinugraha riskfactorofblastocystishominisandgiardiaduodenalisamongstuntedchildreninbandungregencyindonesia AT agneskurniawan riskfactorofblastocystishominisandgiardiaduodenalisamongstuntedchildreninbandungregencyindonesia |