The investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequencies
We theoretically and experimentally carried out an inspired type of toroidal dipole (TD) metasurfaces, which composed of a metamolecule of symmetric aluminium semicircles with a bar in the middle fabricated on polyimide substrate in the terahertz (THz) regime. It was found that the three resonances...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-10-01
|
| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024149948 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846170182120112128 |
|---|---|
| author | Shuang Wang Hai Huang Quan Li Chen Wang Han Lei |
| author_facet | Shuang Wang Hai Huang Quan Li Chen Wang Han Lei |
| author_sort | Shuang Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We theoretically and experimentally carried out an inspired type of toroidal dipole (TD) metasurfaces, which composed of a metamolecule of symmetric aluminium semicircles with a bar in the middle fabricated on polyimide substrate in the terahertz (THz) regime. It was found that the three resonances show red-shift tendency due to the increase of inductance and capacitance with the increase of semicircle's outer radius. Meanwhile, both the TD resonances and the current flowing in the metallic bar can generate the head-to-tail magnetic field distribution, which is the most prominent feature of TD phenomenon. The generation of this phenomenon is discussed deeply via the power of the multipoles, which are calculated according to the volume current density distribution data extracted from the simulations. The low frequencies (∼0.5 THz) head-to-tail magnetic field distribution is mainly attributed to TD resonance generated via the mutual effect between the two semicircles, while the same phenomenon at high frequencies (∼0.8 THz) is mainly attributed to the current flowing the middle metallic bar. The enhancement of head-to-tail magnetic field distribution leads to the increase of quality (Q) factor, and the Q factor of fabricated sample is as high as 24.5. Moreover, the electromagnetic properties in TD metasurfaces could be adjusted by the metal bar's width. The optimization of TD resonances provides opportunity to design the high Q-factor metasurfaces, and it opens up potential applications in terahertz high sensitivity devices. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ab1369c756604800aabd87e80289a59c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-ab1369c756604800aabd87e80289a59c2024-11-12T05:19:30ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-10-011020e38963The investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequenciesShuang Wang0Hai Huang1Quan Li2Chen Wang3Han Lei4Corresponding author.; School of Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin, 300222, ChinaSchool of Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin, 300222, ChinaCorresponding author.; School of Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin, 300222, ChinaSchool of Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin, 300222, ChinaCorresponding author.; School of Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin, 300222, ChinaWe theoretically and experimentally carried out an inspired type of toroidal dipole (TD) metasurfaces, which composed of a metamolecule of symmetric aluminium semicircles with a bar in the middle fabricated on polyimide substrate in the terahertz (THz) regime. It was found that the three resonances show red-shift tendency due to the increase of inductance and capacitance with the increase of semicircle's outer radius. Meanwhile, both the TD resonances and the current flowing in the metallic bar can generate the head-to-tail magnetic field distribution, which is the most prominent feature of TD phenomenon. The generation of this phenomenon is discussed deeply via the power of the multipoles, which are calculated according to the volume current density distribution data extracted from the simulations. The low frequencies (∼0.5 THz) head-to-tail magnetic field distribution is mainly attributed to TD resonance generated via the mutual effect between the two semicircles, while the same phenomenon at high frequencies (∼0.8 THz) is mainly attributed to the current flowing the middle metallic bar. The enhancement of head-to-tail magnetic field distribution leads to the increase of quality (Q) factor, and the Q factor of fabricated sample is as high as 24.5. Moreover, the electromagnetic properties in TD metasurfaces could be adjusted by the metal bar's width. The optimization of TD resonances provides opportunity to design the high Q-factor metasurfaces, and it opens up potential applications in terahertz high sensitivity devices.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024149948Toroidal dipoleTerahertzMetasurfacesThe scattering power of the multipoles |
| spellingShingle | Shuang Wang Hai Huang Quan Li Chen Wang Han Lei The investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequencies Heliyon Toroidal dipole Terahertz Metasurfaces The scattering power of the multipoles |
| title | The investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequencies |
| title_full | The investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequencies |
| title_fullStr | The investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequencies |
| title_full_unstemmed | The investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequencies |
| title_short | The investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequencies |
| title_sort | investigation of an inspired type toroidal dipole flexible metasurfaces at terahertz frequencies |
| topic | Toroidal dipole Terahertz Metasurfaces The scattering power of the multipoles |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024149948 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shuangwang theinvestigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT haihuang theinvestigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT quanli theinvestigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT chenwang theinvestigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT hanlei theinvestigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT shuangwang investigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT haihuang investigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT quanli investigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT chenwang investigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies AT hanlei investigationofaninspiredtypetoroidaldipoleflexiblemetasurfacesatterahertzfrequencies |