Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation study
Abstract Background Aquaculture, traditionally a form of biotechnology, has evolved to integrate innovative biotechnological applications, such as advanced feed formulations, aimed at improving the growth performance and health of farmed fish species. In the present study, the effects of feeding rai...
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2024-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Veterinary Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04324-0 |
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| author | Imam Hasan Simona Rimoldi Biagina Chiofalo Marianna Oteri Micaela Antonini Rosangela Armone Violeta Kalemi Laura Gasco Genciana Terova |
| author_facet | Imam Hasan Simona Rimoldi Biagina Chiofalo Marianna Oteri Micaela Antonini Rosangela Armone Violeta Kalemi Laura Gasco Genciana Terova |
| author_sort | Imam Hasan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Aquaculture, traditionally a form of biotechnology, has evolved to integrate innovative biotechnological applications, such as advanced feed formulations, aimed at improving the growth performance and health of farmed fish species. In the present study, the effects of feeding rainbow trout with novel feed formulations were investigated. Fish growth, gut and liver morphology, the concentration of fatty acids in the fillet, and volatile fatty acids in the gut were assessed. The study also validated scenarios from in vivo experiments using a nutrient-based model called FEEDNETICS™. This globally used model serves as a tool for data interpretation and decision support in the context of precision fish farming. Methods Alternative protein and oil sources, including poultry by-product meal (PBM) and natural algae oil, were explored as sustainable replacements for fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO). A 90-day feeding trial was conducted using rainbow trout, comparing two isoproteic, isolipidic and isoenergetic diets. The control diet contained 15% FM, 5% PBM, and 8% FO, while the test diet replaced FM with 15% PBM and 5% feather meal hydrolysate (FMH), and fully substituted FO with VeraMaris® natural algae oil and rapeseed oil. Results PBM successfully replaced FM protein without negatively affecting feed intake, growth performance or feed utilization in trout. The combination of PBM and natural algae oil was well tolerated by the trout and showed no negative effects on gut health. A detailed analysis of fatty acids in the fillet revealed that PUFAs of the n3 and n6 series were significantly higher in the PBM group than in the FM group. Values of fatty acid-related health indexes, including atherogenicity index, and thrombogenicity index, confirmed the high nutritional value of trout filet, thus representing a healthy product for human. In addition, the predictions using the FEEDNETICS™ indicated that the tested novel alternative formulations are economically viable. The validation of the model for fish growth resulted in a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 8%. Conclusions The FEEDNETICS™ application enhances our ability to optimize feeding strategies and improve production efficiency in the aquaculture industry. VeraMaris® algae oil and PBM could serve as viable and sustainable raw materials for fish feed, promoting environmentally friendly aquaculture practices. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aafa36df7c274f9cb8e8a8e57fcab2d9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-aafa36df7c274f9cb8e8a8e57fcab2d92025-02-09T12:41:58ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482024-10-0120112010.1186/s12917-024-04324-0Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation studyImam Hasan0Simona Rimoldi1Biagina Chiofalo2Marianna Oteri3Micaela Antonini4Rosangela Armone5Violeta Kalemi6Laura Gasco7Genciana Terova8Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of InsubriaDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of InsubriaDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of MessinaDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of MessinaDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of InsubriaDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of MessinaDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of InsubriaDepartment of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of TurinDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of InsubriaAbstract Background Aquaculture, traditionally a form of biotechnology, has evolved to integrate innovative biotechnological applications, such as advanced feed formulations, aimed at improving the growth performance and health of farmed fish species. In the present study, the effects of feeding rainbow trout with novel feed formulations were investigated. Fish growth, gut and liver morphology, the concentration of fatty acids in the fillet, and volatile fatty acids in the gut were assessed. The study also validated scenarios from in vivo experiments using a nutrient-based model called FEEDNETICS™. This globally used model serves as a tool for data interpretation and decision support in the context of precision fish farming. Methods Alternative protein and oil sources, including poultry by-product meal (PBM) and natural algae oil, were explored as sustainable replacements for fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO). A 90-day feeding trial was conducted using rainbow trout, comparing two isoproteic, isolipidic and isoenergetic diets. The control diet contained 15% FM, 5% PBM, and 8% FO, while the test diet replaced FM with 15% PBM and 5% feather meal hydrolysate (FMH), and fully substituted FO with VeraMaris® natural algae oil and rapeseed oil. Results PBM successfully replaced FM protein without negatively affecting feed intake, growth performance or feed utilization in trout. The combination of PBM and natural algae oil was well tolerated by the trout and showed no negative effects on gut health. A detailed analysis of fatty acids in the fillet revealed that PUFAs of the n3 and n6 series were significantly higher in the PBM group than in the FM group. Values of fatty acid-related health indexes, including atherogenicity index, and thrombogenicity index, confirmed the high nutritional value of trout filet, thus representing a healthy product for human. In addition, the predictions using the FEEDNETICS™ indicated that the tested novel alternative formulations are economically viable. The validation of the model for fish growth resulted in a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 8%. Conclusions The FEEDNETICS™ application enhances our ability to optimize feeding strategies and improve production efficiency in the aquaculture industry. VeraMaris® algae oil and PBM could serve as viable and sustainable raw materials for fish feed, promoting environmentally friendly aquaculture practices.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04324-0Alternative protein sourcesFishmeal substitutionPoultry by-product mealGrowth performanceRainbow TroutSustainable aquafeed |
| spellingShingle | Imam Hasan Simona Rimoldi Biagina Chiofalo Marianna Oteri Micaela Antonini Rosangela Armone Violeta Kalemi Laura Gasco Genciana Terova Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation study BMC Veterinary Research Alternative protein sources Fishmeal substitution Poultry by-product meal Growth performance Rainbow Trout Sustainable aquafeed |
| title | Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation study |
| title_full | Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation study |
| title_fullStr | Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation study |
| title_short | Effects of poultry by-product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a FEEDNETICS™ validation study |
| title_sort | effects of poultry by product meal and complete replacement of fish oil with alternative oils on growth performance and gut health of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss a feednetics™ validation study |
| topic | Alternative protein sources Fishmeal substitution Poultry by-product meal Growth performance Rainbow Trout Sustainable aquafeed |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04324-0 |
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