Radiomic-based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: a cohort study
Abstract Background There is a clinical need to identify early predictors for response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC and GEJC). Radiomics involves extracting quantitative features from medical images. This study aimed to apply rad...
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BMC
2025-05-01
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| Series: | World Journal of Surgical Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03828-9 |
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| author | Annamaria Agnes Luca Boldrini Federica Perillo Huong Elena Tran Maria Gabriella Brizi Riccardo Ricci Jacopo Lenkowicz Claudio Votta Alberto Biondi Riccardo Manfredi Vincenzo Valentini Domenico M. D’Ugo Roberto Persiani |
| author_facet | Annamaria Agnes Luca Boldrini Federica Perillo Huong Elena Tran Maria Gabriella Brizi Riccardo Ricci Jacopo Lenkowicz Claudio Votta Alberto Biondi Riccardo Manfredi Vincenzo Valentini Domenico M. D’Ugo Roberto Persiani |
| author_sort | Annamaria Agnes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background There is a clinical need to identify early predictors for response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC and GEJC). Radiomics involves extracting quantitative features from medical images. This study aimed to apply radiomics to build prediction models for the response to NAC. Methods All consecutive patients with non-metastatic GC and GEJC undergoing NAC and surgical resection in an Italian high-volume referral center between 2005 and 2021 were considered eligible. In patients selected, the CT scans performed upon staging were reviewed to segment the tumor and extract radiomic features using MODDICOM. The primary endpoint was to develop and validate radiomic-based predictive models to identify major responders (MR: tumor regression grade TRG 1–2) and non-responders (NR: TRG 4–5) to NAC. Following an initial feature selection, radiomic and combined radiomic-clinicopathologic prediction models were built for the MR or NR status based on logistic regressions. Internal validation was performed for each model. Radiomic models (in the entire case series and according to NAC regimens) were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and negative predictive value (NPV). Results The study included 77 patients undergoing NAC and subsequent tumor resection. The MR prediction model after all types of NAC (AUC of 0.876, CI 95% 0.786 − 0.966, sensitivity 83%, and NPV 96%) was based on a statistical feature. The models predicting NR among patients undergoing epirubicin with cisplatin and fluorouracil (ECF), epirubicin with oxaliplatin and capecitabin (EOX), or fluorouracil with oxaliplatin and docetaxel (FLOT) (AUC 0.760, CI 95% 0.639–0.882), oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (AUC 0.810, CI 95% 0.692–0.928), and FLOT (AUC 0.907, CI 95% 0.818 − 0.995) were based on statistical, morphological and textural features. Conclusions The developed radiomic models resulted promising in predicting the response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy strategies. Once further implemented on larger datasets, they could be valuable and cost-effective instruments to target multimodal treatment in patients with GC. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aaedee37693f47eb8f14c2614a052b72 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1477-7819 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | World Journal of Surgical Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-aaedee37693f47eb8f14c2614a052b722025-08-20T03:53:58ZengBMCWorld Journal of Surgical Oncology1477-78192025-05-0123111310.1186/s12957-025-03828-9Radiomic-based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: a cohort studyAnnamaria Agnes0Luca Boldrini1Federica Perillo2Huong Elena Tran3Maria Gabriella Brizi4Riccardo Ricci5Jacopo Lenkowicz6Claudio Votta7Alberto Biondi8Riccardo Manfredi9Vincenzo Valentini10Domenico M. D’Ugo11Roberto Persiani12Catholic University of the Sacred HeartCatholic University of the Sacred HeartCatholic University of the Sacred HeartDepartment of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCSCatholic University of the Sacred HeartCatholic University of the Sacred HeartDepartment of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCSDepartment of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncological Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCSCatholic University of the Sacred HeartCatholic University of the Sacred HeartCatholic University of the Sacred HeartCatholic University of the Sacred HeartCatholic University of the Sacred HeartAbstract Background There is a clinical need to identify early predictors for response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC and GEJC). Radiomics involves extracting quantitative features from medical images. This study aimed to apply radiomics to build prediction models for the response to NAC. Methods All consecutive patients with non-metastatic GC and GEJC undergoing NAC and surgical resection in an Italian high-volume referral center between 2005 and 2021 were considered eligible. In patients selected, the CT scans performed upon staging were reviewed to segment the tumor and extract radiomic features using MODDICOM. The primary endpoint was to develop and validate radiomic-based predictive models to identify major responders (MR: tumor regression grade TRG 1–2) and non-responders (NR: TRG 4–5) to NAC. Following an initial feature selection, radiomic and combined radiomic-clinicopathologic prediction models were built for the MR or NR status based on logistic regressions. Internal validation was performed for each model. Radiomic models (in the entire case series and according to NAC regimens) were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and negative predictive value (NPV). Results The study included 77 patients undergoing NAC and subsequent tumor resection. The MR prediction model after all types of NAC (AUC of 0.876, CI 95% 0.786 − 0.966, sensitivity 83%, and NPV 96%) was based on a statistical feature. The models predicting NR among patients undergoing epirubicin with cisplatin and fluorouracil (ECF), epirubicin with oxaliplatin and capecitabin (EOX), or fluorouracil with oxaliplatin and docetaxel (FLOT) (AUC 0.760, CI 95% 0.639–0.882), oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (AUC 0.810, CI 95% 0.692–0.928), and FLOT (AUC 0.907, CI 95% 0.818 − 0.995) were based on statistical, morphological and textural features. Conclusions The developed radiomic models resulted promising in predicting the response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy strategies. Once further implemented on larger datasets, they could be valuable and cost-effective instruments to target multimodal treatment in patients with GC.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03828-9Gastric cancerRadiomicsNeoadjuvant therapyPredictive modelsPrecision oncology |
| spellingShingle | Annamaria Agnes Luca Boldrini Federica Perillo Huong Elena Tran Maria Gabriella Brizi Riccardo Ricci Jacopo Lenkowicz Claudio Votta Alberto Biondi Riccardo Manfredi Vincenzo Valentini Domenico M. D’Ugo Roberto Persiani Radiomic-based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: a cohort study World Journal of Surgical Oncology Gastric cancer Radiomics Neoadjuvant therapy Predictive models Precision oncology |
| title | Radiomic-based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: a cohort study |
| title_full | Radiomic-based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: a cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Radiomic-based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: a cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radiomic-based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: a cohort study |
| title_short | Radiomic-based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: a cohort study |
| title_sort | radiomic based models are able to predict the pathologic response to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal cancer a cohort study |
| topic | Gastric cancer Radiomics Neoadjuvant therapy Predictive models Precision oncology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-025-03828-9 |
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