Remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects: an exploratory study
ObjectiveObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and anorexia nervosa (AN) are conditions associated with poor cognitive flexibility, a factor considered to interfere with treatment, but research into the relationship between cognitive flexibility and treatment outcome is limited. This study explores wh...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1456890/full |
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| author | Boris van Passel Boris van Passel Unna N. Danner Unna N. Danner Alexandra E. Dingemans Theo G. Broekman Lot C. Sternheim Lot C. Sternheim Eni S. Becker Annemarie A. van Elburg Annemarie A. van Elburg Eric F. van Furth Eric F. van Furth Gert-Jan Hendriks Gert-Jan Hendriks Gert-Jan Hendriks Daniëlle C. Cath Daniëlle C. Cath |
| author_facet | Boris van Passel Boris van Passel Unna N. Danner Unna N. Danner Alexandra E. Dingemans Theo G. Broekman Lot C. Sternheim Lot C. Sternheim Eni S. Becker Annemarie A. van Elburg Annemarie A. van Elburg Eric F. van Furth Eric F. van Furth Gert-Jan Hendriks Gert-Jan Hendriks Gert-Jan Hendriks Daniëlle C. Cath Daniëlle C. Cath |
| author_sort | Boris van Passel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and anorexia nervosa (AN) are conditions associated with poor cognitive flexibility, a factor considered to interfere with treatment, but research into the relationship between cognitive flexibility and treatment outcome is limited. This study explores whether baseline measures of cognitive flexibility predict outcomes in OCD and AN, evaluates whether changes in these measures contribute to treatment outcome, and evaluates the effectiveness of adjunctive cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) in improving cognitive flexibility.MethodsThis secondary analysis utilized linear mixed model analysis on data from a randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial involving adult participants with OCD (n=71) AND AN (n=61). Participants underwent 10 twice-weekly sessions of either CRT or a non-specific active control intervention (specialized attention therapy; SAT), followed by treatment as usual. Assessments using Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire were conducted at baseline, post-CRT/SAT and at 6 and 12 months. Cognitive flexibility was evaluated through the Trail Making Test (TMT), the Color-Word Interference Test (CWIT) and the Detail and Flexibility Questionnaire (DFlex).ResultsLevels of cognitive flexibility at baseline did not predict or moderate treatment outcome, nor did change in cognitive flexibility (baseline post-CRT/SAT) mediate treatment outcome, with CRT providing no greater improvement in measures of cognitive flexibility than SAT.ConclusionsThis study failed to find any relationship between measures of cognitive flexibility and treatment outcome in OCD and AN, and thus questions hypothetical associations between measures of cognitive flexibility and mechanisms of change in patients with OCD and AN. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aaebec846c9049c8b370c223ada2c53b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-aaebec846c9049c8b370c223ada2c53b2025-01-13T06:10:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-01-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.14568901456890Remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects: an exploratory studyBoris van Passel0Boris van Passel1Unna N. Danner2Unna N. Danner3Alexandra E. Dingemans4Theo G. Broekman5Lot C. Sternheim6Lot C. Sternheim7Eni S. Becker8Annemarie A. van Elburg9Annemarie A. van Elburg10Eric F. van Furth11Eric F. van Furth12Gert-Jan Hendriks13Gert-Jan Hendriks14Gert-Jan Hendriks15Daniëlle C. Cath16Daniëlle C. Cath17Overwaal Centre of Expertise for Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Posttraumatic Stress-Disorder (PTSD), Institution for Integrated Mental Health Care, Pro Persona, Nijmegen, NetherlandsBehavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsAltrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Zeist, NetherlandsDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, NetherlandsRivierduinen Eating Disorders Ursula, Leiden, NetherlandsBureau Bêta, Nijmegen, NetherlandsAltrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Zeist, NetherlandsDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, NetherlandsBehavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsAltrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Zeist, NetherlandsDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, NetherlandsRivierduinen Eating Disorders Ursula, Leiden, NetherlandsDepartment of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, NetherlandsOverwaal Centre of Expertise for Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Posttraumatic Stress-Disorder (PTSD), Institution for Integrated Mental Health Care, Pro Persona, Nijmegen, NetherlandsBehavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsRadboud University Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University, Nijmegen, NetherlandsDepartment of Specialist Training, Institution for Integrated Mental Health Care (GGz) Drenthe, Assen, Netherlands0Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen & University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsObjectiveObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and anorexia nervosa (AN) are conditions associated with poor cognitive flexibility, a factor considered to interfere with treatment, but research into the relationship between cognitive flexibility and treatment outcome is limited. This study explores whether baseline measures of cognitive flexibility predict outcomes in OCD and AN, evaluates whether changes in these measures contribute to treatment outcome, and evaluates the effectiveness of adjunctive cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) in improving cognitive flexibility.MethodsThis secondary analysis utilized linear mixed model analysis on data from a randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial involving adult participants with OCD (n=71) AND AN (n=61). Participants underwent 10 twice-weekly sessions of either CRT or a non-specific active control intervention (specialized attention therapy; SAT), followed by treatment as usual. Assessments using Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire were conducted at baseline, post-CRT/SAT and at 6 and 12 months. Cognitive flexibility was evaluated through the Trail Making Test (TMT), the Color-Word Interference Test (CWIT) and the Detail and Flexibility Questionnaire (DFlex).ResultsLevels of cognitive flexibility at baseline did not predict or moderate treatment outcome, nor did change in cognitive flexibility (baseline post-CRT/SAT) mediate treatment outcome, with CRT providing no greater improvement in measures of cognitive flexibility than SAT.ConclusionsThis study failed to find any relationship between measures of cognitive flexibility and treatment outcome in OCD and AN, and thus questions hypothetical associations between measures of cognitive flexibility and mechanisms of change in patients with OCD and AN.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1456890/fullobsessive compulsive disorderanorexia nervosacognitive flexibilitycognitive remediation therapymoderation analysis |
| spellingShingle | Boris van Passel Boris van Passel Unna N. Danner Unna N. Danner Alexandra E. Dingemans Theo G. Broekman Lot C. Sternheim Lot C. Sternheim Eni S. Becker Annemarie A. van Elburg Annemarie A. van Elburg Eric F. van Furth Eric F. van Furth Gert-Jan Hendriks Gert-Jan Hendriks Gert-Jan Hendriks Daniëlle C. Cath Daniëlle C. Cath Remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects: an exploratory study Frontiers in Psychiatry obsessive compulsive disorder anorexia nervosa cognitive flexibility cognitive remediation therapy moderation analysis |
| title | Remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects: an exploratory study |
| title_full | Remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects: an exploratory study |
| title_fullStr | Remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects: an exploratory study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects: an exploratory study |
| title_short | Remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects: an exploratory study |
| title_sort | remediating cognitive inflexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa neither moderates nor mediates treatment effects an exploratory study |
| topic | obsessive compulsive disorder anorexia nervosa cognitive flexibility cognitive remediation therapy moderation analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1456890/full |
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