Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4T
Abstract We perform a search of double beta decay of 136Xe to the excited state, 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ , of 136Ba (2νββ- 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ ), using the dual-phase xenon detector of PandaX-4T with the first 94.9-day commissioning data. The multi-site events are reconstructed up to the MeV energy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of High Energy Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)089 |
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| author | The PandaX collaboration Lingyin Luo Zihao Bo Wei Chen Xun Chen Yunhua Chen Zhaokan Cheng Xiangyi Cui Yingjie Fan Deqing Fang Zhixing Gao Lisheng Geng Karl Giboni Xunan Guo Xuyuan Guo Zichao Guo Chencheng Han Ke Han Changda He Jinrong He Di Huang Houqi Huang Junting Huang Ruquan Hou Yu Hou Xiangdong Ji Xiangpan Ji Yonglin Ju Chenxiang Li Tao Li Jiafu Li Mingchuan Li Shuaijie Li Zhiyuan Li Qing Lin Jianglai Liu Congcong Lu Xiaoying Lu Yunyang Luo Wenbo Ma Yugang Ma Yajun Mao Yue Meng Xuyang Ning Binyu Pang Ningchun Qi Zhicheng Qian Xiangxiang Ren Dong Shan Xiaofeng Shang Xiyuan Shao Guofang Shen Manbin Shen Wenliang Sun Yi Tao Anqing Wang Guanbo Wang Hao Wang Jiamin Wang Lei Wang Meng Wang Qiuhong Wang Shaobo Wang Siguang Wang Wei Wang Xiuli Wang Xu Wang Zhou Wang Yuehuan Wei Weihao Wu Yuan Wu Mengjiao Xiao Xiang Xiao Kaizhi Xiong Yifan Xu Shunyu Yao Binbin Yan Xiyu Yan Yong Yang Peihua Ye Chunxu Yu Ying Yuan Zhe Yuan Youhui Yun Xinning Zeng Minzhen Zhang Peng Zhang Shibo Zhang Shu Zhang Tao Zhang Wei Zhang Yang Zhang Yingxin Zhang Yuanyuan Zhang Li Zhao Jifang Zhou Jiaxu Zhou Ning Zhou Xiaopeng Zhou Yubo Zhou Zhizhen Zhou |
| author_facet | The PandaX collaboration Lingyin Luo Zihao Bo Wei Chen Xun Chen Yunhua Chen Zhaokan Cheng Xiangyi Cui Yingjie Fan Deqing Fang Zhixing Gao Lisheng Geng Karl Giboni Xunan Guo Xuyuan Guo Zichao Guo Chencheng Han Ke Han Changda He Jinrong He Di Huang Houqi Huang Junting Huang Ruquan Hou Yu Hou Xiangdong Ji Xiangpan Ji Yonglin Ju Chenxiang Li Tao Li Jiafu Li Mingchuan Li Shuaijie Li Zhiyuan Li Qing Lin Jianglai Liu Congcong Lu Xiaoying Lu Yunyang Luo Wenbo Ma Yugang Ma Yajun Mao Yue Meng Xuyang Ning Binyu Pang Ningchun Qi Zhicheng Qian Xiangxiang Ren Dong Shan Xiaofeng Shang Xiyuan Shao Guofang Shen Manbin Shen Wenliang Sun Yi Tao Anqing Wang Guanbo Wang Hao Wang Jiamin Wang Lei Wang Meng Wang Qiuhong Wang Shaobo Wang Siguang Wang Wei Wang Xiuli Wang Xu Wang Zhou Wang Yuehuan Wei Weihao Wu Yuan Wu Mengjiao Xiao Xiang Xiao Kaizhi Xiong Yifan Xu Shunyu Yao Binbin Yan Xiyu Yan Yong Yang Peihua Ye Chunxu Yu Ying Yuan Zhe Yuan Youhui Yun Xinning Zeng Minzhen Zhang Peng Zhang Shibo Zhang Shu Zhang Tao Zhang Wei Zhang Yang Zhang Yingxin Zhang Yuanyuan Zhang Li Zhao Jifang Zhou Jiaxu Zhou Ning Zhou Xiaopeng Zhou Yubo Zhou Zhizhen Zhou |
| author_sort | The PandaX collaboration |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We perform a search of double beta decay of 136Xe to the excited state, 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ , of 136Ba (2νββ- 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ ), using the dual-phase xenon detector of PandaX-4T with the first 94.9-day commissioning data. The multi-site events are reconstructed up to the MeV energy scale, which helps to improve the background model significantly. The background contribution from the stainless steel platform outside PandaX-4T cryostat is evaluated for the first time. No significant evidence for 2νββ- 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ is observed, resulting in a lower limit on half-life of 7.5 × 1022 yr at the 90% confidence level. This is the first experimental limit on such a rare decay in a natural xenon-based detector. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aae6155962754ae3aab5f6d7123e31f0 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1029-8479 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| spelling | doaj-art-aae6155962754ae3aab5f6d7123e31f02025-08-20T02:05:45ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792025-05-012025512010.1007/JHEP05(2025)089Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4TThe PandaX collaborationLingyin Luo0Zihao Bo1Wei Chen2Xun Chen3Yunhua Chen4Zhaokan Cheng5Xiangyi Cui6Yingjie Fan7Deqing Fang8Zhixing Gao9Lisheng Geng10Karl Giboni11Xunan Guo12Xuyuan Guo13Zichao Guo14Chencheng Han15Ke Han16Changda He17Jinrong He18Di Huang19Houqi Huang20Junting Huang21Ruquan Hou22Yu Hou23Xiangdong Ji24Xiangpan Ji25Yonglin Ju26Chenxiang Li27Tao Li28Jiafu Li29Mingchuan Li30Shuaijie Li31Zhiyuan Li32Qing Lin33Jianglai Liu34Congcong Lu35Xiaoying Lu36Yunyang Luo37Wenbo Ma38Yugang Ma39Yajun Mao40Yue Meng41Xuyang Ning42Binyu Pang43Ningchun Qi44Zhicheng Qian45Xiangxiang Ren46Dong Shan47Xiaofeng Shang48Xiyuan Shao49Guofang Shen50Manbin Shen51Wenliang Sun52Yi Tao53Anqing Wang54Guanbo Wang55Hao Wang56Jiamin Wang57Lei Wang58Meng Wang59Qiuhong Wang60Shaobo Wang61Siguang Wang62Wei Wang63Xiuli Wang64Xu Wang65Zhou Wang66Yuehuan Wei67Weihao Wu68Yuan Wu69Mengjiao Xiao70Xiang Xiao71Kaizhi Xiong72Yifan Xu73Shunyu Yao74Binbin Yan75Xiyu Yan76Yong Yang77Peihua Ye78Chunxu Yu79Ying Yuan80Zhe Yuan81Youhui Yun82Xinning Zeng83Minzhen Zhang84Peng Zhang85Shibo Zhang86Shu Zhang87Tao Zhang88Wei Zhang89Yang Zhang90Yingxin Zhang91Yuanyuan Zhang92Li Zhao93Jifang Zhou94Jiaxu Zhou95Ning Zhou96Xiaopeng Zhou97Yubo Zhou98Zhizhen Zhou99State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityNew Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Physics, Yantai UniversityKey Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics, Beihang UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics, Beihang UniversityYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.School of Physics, Beihang UniversityNew Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research InstituteSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Physics, University of MarylandSchool of Physics, Nankai UniversitySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Physics, Yantai UniversityYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityResearch Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong UniversityState Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyKey Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyResearch Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong UniversityYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyResearch Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong UniversitySchool of Physics, Nankai UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics, Nankai UniversitySchool of Physics, Beihang UniversityYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyResearch Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyNew Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityCollege of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of TechnologyResearch Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong UniversityKey Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyState Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking UniversitySino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen UniversitySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNew Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics, Nankai UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyKey Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyResearch Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong UniversityResearch Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyYalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics, Beihang UniversitySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyAbstract We perform a search of double beta decay of 136Xe to the excited state, 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ , of 136Ba (2νββ- 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ ), using the dual-phase xenon detector of PandaX-4T with the first 94.9-day commissioning data. The multi-site events are reconstructed up to the MeV energy scale, which helps to improve the background model significantly. The background contribution from the stainless steel platform outside PandaX-4T cryostat is evaluated for the first time. No significant evidence for 2νββ- 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ is observed, resulting in a lower limit on half-life of 7.5 × 1022 yr at the 90% confidence level. This is the first experimental limit on such a rare decay in a natural xenon-based detector.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)089Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments)Rare Decay |
| spellingShingle | The PandaX collaboration Lingyin Luo Zihao Bo Wei Chen Xun Chen Yunhua Chen Zhaokan Cheng Xiangyi Cui Yingjie Fan Deqing Fang Zhixing Gao Lisheng Geng Karl Giboni Xunan Guo Xuyuan Guo Zichao Guo Chencheng Han Ke Han Changda He Jinrong He Di Huang Houqi Huang Junting Huang Ruquan Hou Yu Hou Xiangdong Ji Xiangpan Ji Yonglin Ju Chenxiang Li Tao Li Jiafu Li Mingchuan Li Shuaijie Li Zhiyuan Li Qing Lin Jianglai Liu Congcong Lu Xiaoying Lu Yunyang Luo Wenbo Ma Yugang Ma Yajun Mao Yue Meng Xuyang Ning Binyu Pang Ningchun Qi Zhicheng Qian Xiangxiang Ren Dong Shan Xiaofeng Shang Xiyuan Shao Guofang Shen Manbin Shen Wenliang Sun Yi Tao Anqing Wang Guanbo Wang Hao Wang Jiamin Wang Lei Wang Meng Wang Qiuhong Wang Shaobo Wang Siguang Wang Wei Wang Xiuli Wang Xu Wang Zhou Wang Yuehuan Wei Weihao Wu Yuan Wu Mengjiao Xiao Xiang Xiao Kaizhi Xiong Yifan Xu Shunyu Yao Binbin Yan Xiyu Yan Yong Yang Peihua Ye Chunxu Yu Ying Yuan Zhe Yuan Youhui Yun Xinning Zeng Minzhen Zhang Peng Zhang Shibo Zhang Shu Zhang Tao Zhang Wei Zhang Yang Zhang Yingxin Zhang Yuanyuan Zhang Li Zhao Jifang Zhou Jiaxu Zhou Ning Zhou Xiaopeng Zhou Yubo Zhou Zhizhen Zhou Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4T Journal of High Energy Physics Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments) Rare Decay |
| title | Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4T |
| title_full | Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4T |
| title_fullStr | Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4T |
| title_full_unstemmed | Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4T |
| title_short | Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4T |
| title_sort | search for double beta decay of 136xe to the 0 1 0 1 excited state of 136ba with pandax 4t |
| topic | Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments) Rare Decay |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)089 |
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searchfordoublebetadecayof136xetothe0101excitedstateof136bawithpandax4t AT zhizhenzhou searchfordoublebetadecayof136xetothe0101excitedstateof136bawithpandax4t |