External validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery (PRAIS-2) model for 30-day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery

Objective Independent temporal external validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery model (PRAIS-2) to predict 30-day mortality in patients undergoing paediatric cardiac surgery.Design Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.Setting Paediatric cardiac surgery.Interv...

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Main Authors: Massimo Caputo, Lucia Cocomello, Rosie Cornish, Deborah Lawlor
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2020-11-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/11/e039236.full
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author Massimo Caputo
Lucia Cocomello
Rosie Cornish
Deborah Lawlor
author_facet Massimo Caputo
Lucia Cocomello
Rosie Cornish
Deborah Lawlor
author_sort Massimo Caputo
collection DOAJ
description Objective Independent temporal external validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery model (PRAIS-2) to predict 30-day mortality in patients undergoing paediatric cardiac surgery.Design Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.Setting Paediatric cardiac surgery.Intervention PRAIS-2 validation was carried out using a two temporally different single centre (Bristol, UK) cohorts: Cohort 1 surgery undertaken from April 2004 to March 2009 and Cohort 2 from April 2015 to July 2019. For each subject PRAIS-2 score was calculated according to the original formula.Participants A total of 1352 (2004-2009) and 1197 (2015-2019) paediatric cardiac surgical procedures were included in the Cohort 1 and Cohort 2, respectively (median age at the procedure 6.3 and 7.1 months).Primary and secondary outcome measures PRAIS-2 performance was assessed in terms of discrimination by means of ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis and calibration by using the calibration belt method.Results PRAIS-2 score showed excellent discrimination for both cohorts (AUC 0.72 (95%CI: 0.65 to 0.80) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.82 to 0.93), respectively). While PRAIS-2 was only marginally calibrated in Cohort 1, with a tendency to underestimate risk in lowrisk and overestimate risk in high risk procedures (P-value = 0.033), validation in Cohort 2 showed good calibration with the 95% confidence belt containing the bisector for predicted mortality (P-value = 0.143). We also observed good prediction accuracy in the non-elective procedures (N = 483;AUC 0.78 (95%CI 0.68 to 0.87); Calibration belt containing the bisector (P-value=0.589).Conclusions In a single centre UK-based cohort, PRAIS-2 showed excellent discrimination and calibration in predicting 30-day mortality in paediatric cardiac surgery including in those undergoing non-elective procedures. Our results support a wider adoption of PRAIS-2 score in the clinical practice.
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spelling doaj-art-aacb37bd6fa3419cb713b6fac8bfee5f2025-08-20T02:22:40ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552020-11-01101110.1136/bmjopen-2020-039236External validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery (PRAIS-2) model for 30-day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgeryMassimo Caputo0Lucia Cocomello1Rosie Cornish2Deborah Lawlor3Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKPopulation Health Science, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol, United KingdomNIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UKObjective Independent temporal external validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery model (PRAIS-2) to predict 30-day mortality in patients undergoing paediatric cardiac surgery.Design Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.Setting Paediatric cardiac surgery.Intervention PRAIS-2 validation was carried out using a two temporally different single centre (Bristol, UK) cohorts: Cohort 1 surgery undertaken from April 2004 to March 2009 and Cohort 2 from April 2015 to July 2019. For each subject PRAIS-2 score was calculated according to the original formula.Participants A total of 1352 (2004-2009) and 1197 (2015-2019) paediatric cardiac surgical procedures were included in the Cohort 1 and Cohort 2, respectively (median age at the procedure 6.3 and 7.1 months).Primary and secondary outcome measures PRAIS-2 performance was assessed in terms of discrimination by means of ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis and calibration by using the calibration belt method.Results PRAIS-2 score showed excellent discrimination for both cohorts (AUC 0.72 (95%CI: 0.65 to 0.80) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.82 to 0.93), respectively). While PRAIS-2 was only marginally calibrated in Cohort 1, with a tendency to underestimate risk in lowrisk and overestimate risk in high risk procedures (P-value = 0.033), validation in Cohort 2 showed good calibration with the 95% confidence belt containing the bisector for predicted mortality (P-value = 0.143). We also observed good prediction accuracy in the non-elective procedures (N = 483;AUC 0.78 (95%CI 0.68 to 0.87); Calibration belt containing the bisector (P-value=0.589).Conclusions In a single centre UK-based cohort, PRAIS-2 showed excellent discrimination and calibration in predicting 30-day mortality in paediatric cardiac surgery including in those undergoing non-elective procedures. Our results support a wider adoption of PRAIS-2 score in the clinical practice.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/11/e039236.full
spellingShingle Massimo Caputo
Lucia Cocomello
Rosie Cornish
Deborah Lawlor
External validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery (PRAIS-2) model for 30-day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery
BMJ Open
title External validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery (PRAIS-2) model for 30-day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery
title_full External validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery (PRAIS-2) model for 30-day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery
title_fullStr External validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery (PRAIS-2) model for 30-day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery
title_full_unstemmed External validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery (PRAIS-2) model for 30-day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery
title_short External validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery (PRAIS-2) model for 30-day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery
title_sort external validation of the improving partial risk adjustment in surgery prais 2 model for 30 day mortality after paediatric cardiac surgery
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/11/e039236.full
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AT rosiecornish externalvalidationoftheimprovingpartialriskadjustmentinsurgeryprais2modelfor30daymortalityafterpaediatriccardiacsurgery
AT deborahlawlor externalvalidationoftheimprovingpartialriskadjustmentinsurgeryprais2modelfor30daymortalityafterpaediatriccardiacsurgery