Enhancing Immoral Post Detection on Social Networks Using Knowledge Graph and Attention-Based BiLSTM Framework

Preserving a secure and morally safe online environment on social media is a challenging task. It is essential to find immoral or unsuitable information in user-generated postings to safeguard users and enforce community standards. Various Natural Language Processing (NLP) approaches are being emplo...

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Main Authors: Bibi Saqia, Khairullah Khan, Atta Ur Rahman, Sajid Ullah Khan, Mohammed Alkhowaiter, Wahab Khan, Ashraf Ullah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2024-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
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Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10759662/
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author Bibi Saqia
Khairullah Khan
Atta Ur Rahman
Sajid Ullah Khan
Mohammed Alkhowaiter
Wahab Khan
Ashraf Ullah
author_facet Bibi Saqia
Khairullah Khan
Atta Ur Rahman
Sajid Ullah Khan
Mohammed Alkhowaiter
Wahab Khan
Ashraf Ullah
author_sort Bibi Saqia
collection DOAJ
description Preserving a secure and morally safe online environment on social media is a challenging task. It is essential to find immoral or unsuitable information in user-generated postings to safeguard users and enforce community standards. Various Natural Language Processing (NLP) approaches are being employed to detect subtle immoral posts; however, there remains a research gap due to the semantic and contextual complexity of natural language. To bridge this gap, this work proposes the use of a Knowledge Graph (KG) for entity recognition and the extraction of semantic relationships in Social Network (SN) posts. By doing so, the KG helps provide a deeper contextual understanding, enabling the detection of negative interactions between entities that are often present in immoral content. KG allows us to extract these associations from the text, enabling the model to recognize language that leads to immoral behavior. By utilizing a KG, the model can more easily identify connections between entities, verify statements made in postings, and classify material more precisely. GloVe (Global Vector) word embedding is used to transform the enriched text data into numerical representations. An attention-based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network performs the classification task. The BiLSTM concurrently analyses the input sequence in both directions, enabling the network to recognize not only the context that is present at the moment but also the context in which each word in the sequence comes before and after. To validate the model performance, we used benchmark datasets Self-Annotated Reddit Corpus (SARC), and Hate Evaluation (HatEval) dataset. We achieved a higher F1-score of 82.79% and 84.06% on both datasets and outperformed state-of-the-art works.
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spelling doaj-art-aab33faab4de4c6bb24af23aef13178d2025-08-20T02:48:46ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-011217834517836110.1109/ACCESS.2024.350425810759662Enhancing Immoral Post Detection on Social Networks Using Knowledge Graph and Attention-Based BiLSTM FrameworkBibi Saqia0https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8557-8480Khairullah Khan1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8495-3823Atta Ur Rahman2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3569-9926Sajid Ullah Khan3Mohammed Alkhowaiter4https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6842-1300Wahab Khan5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-0419Ashraf Ullah6Department of Computer Science, University of Science and Technology Bannu, Bannu, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science, University of Science and Technology Bannu, Bannu, PakistanRiphah Institute of Systems Engineering (RISE), Riphah International University, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Information Systems, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Computer Science, University of Science and Technology Bannu, Bannu, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science, University of Science and Technology Bannu, Bannu, PakistanPreserving a secure and morally safe online environment on social media is a challenging task. It is essential to find immoral or unsuitable information in user-generated postings to safeguard users and enforce community standards. Various Natural Language Processing (NLP) approaches are being employed to detect subtle immoral posts; however, there remains a research gap due to the semantic and contextual complexity of natural language. To bridge this gap, this work proposes the use of a Knowledge Graph (KG) for entity recognition and the extraction of semantic relationships in Social Network (SN) posts. By doing so, the KG helps provide a deeper contextual understanding, enabling the detection of negative interactions between entities that are often present in immoral content. KG allows us to extract these associations from the text, enabling the model to recognize language that leads to immoral behavior. By utilizing a KG, the model can more easily identify connections between entities, verify statements made in postings, and classify material more precisely. GloVe (Global Vector) word embedding is used to transform the enriched text data into numerical representations. An attention-based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network performs the classification task. The BiLSTM concurrently analyses the input sequence in both directions, enabling the network to recognize not only the context that is present at the moment but also the context in which each word in the sequence comes before and after. To validate the model performance, we used benchmark datasets Self-Annotated Reddit Corpus (SARC), and Hate Evaluation (HatEval) dataset. We achieved a higher F1-score of 82.79% and 84.06% on both datasets and outperformed state-of-the-art works.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10759662/Immoral postspost detectionNLPsocial mediaknowledge graphBiLSTM network
spellingShingle Bibi Saqia
Khairullah Khan
Atta Ur Rahman
Sajid Ullah Khan
Mohammed Alkhowaiter
Wahab Khan
Ashraf Ullah
Enhancing Immoral Post Detection on Social Networks Using Knowledge Graph and Attention-Based BiLSTM Framework
IEEE Access
Immoral posts
post detection
NLP
social media
knowledge graph
BiLSTM network
title Enhancing Immoral Post Detection on Social Networks Using Knowledge Graph and Attention-Based BiLSTM Framework
title_full Enhancing Immoral Post Detection on Social Networks Using Knowledge Graph and Attention-Based BiLSTM Framework
title_fullStr Enhancing Immoral Post Detection on Social Networks Using Knowledge Graph and Attention-Based BiLSTM Framework
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing Immoral Post Detection on Social Networks Using Knowledge Graph and Attention-Based BiLSTM Framework
title_short Enhancing Immoral Post Detection on Social Networks Using Knowledge Graph and Attention-Based BiLSTM Framework
title_sort enhancing immoral post detection on social networks using knowledge graph and attention based bilstm framework
topic Immoral posts
post detection
NLP
social media
knowledge graph
BiLSTM network
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10759662/
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AT sajidullahkhan enhancingimmoralpostdetectiononsocialnetworksusingknowledgegraphandattentionbasedbilstmframework
AT mohammedalkhowaiter enhancingimmoralpostdetectiononsocialnetworksusingknowledgegraphandattentionbasedbilstmframework
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