Association between Air Pollution and Risk of Hospital Admission for Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Abstract Recent evidences have shown that particulate matter (PM) and other air pollutants are associated with pulmonary and systemic inflammation; however, the relationship between air pollutants and the risk of admission for pediatric pneumonia has not been well surveyed. This study aimed to estim...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220179 |
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| author | Peng-Huei Liu Kuo-Chen Huang Yu-Lun Tseng I-Min Chiu Hsiu-Yung Pan Fu-Jen Cheng |
| author_facet | Peng-Huei Liu Kuo-Chen Huang Yu-Lun Tseng I-Min Chiu Hsiu-Yung Pan Fu-Jen Cheng |
| author_sort | Peng-Huei Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Recent evidences have shown that particulate matter (PM) and other air pollutants are associated with pulmonary and systemic inflammation; however, the relationship between air pollutants and the risk of admission for pediatric pneumonia has not been well surveyed. This study aimed to estimate the hazards of air pollutants on the risk of pediatric pneumonia emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalization. Data on PM2.5 (PM with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µm), PM10 (PM with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 µm), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) in each of the 11 air monitoring stations in Kaohsiung city were collected. The medical records of non-traumatic patients under 17 years of age who had visited the ED between 2008 to 2013, with a principal diagnosis of pneumonia were extracted. We evaluated the relationship between air pollutant exposure and the risk of admission and length of hospital stay (LOS). An interquartile range increments of PM2.5 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.677, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.381–2.041), PM10 (OR: 1.568, 95% CI: 1.312–1.880), NO2 (OR: 1.383, 95% CI: 1.179–1.625), SO2 (OR: 1.261, 95% CI: 1.170–1.361), and O3 (OR: 1.182, 95% CI: 1.024–1.366) were statistically significantly associated with the risk of pediatric pneumonia hospitalization on lag 0–3. In the two-pollutant model, after adjusting for NO2 (OR: 1.534, 95% CI: 1.206–1.958), SO2 (OR: 1.534, 95% CI: 1.206–1.958), or O3 (OR: 1.741, 95% CI: 1.385–2.196), PM2.5 was still statistically significantly associated with pediatric pneumonia hospitalization. Furthermore, higher PM2.5 concentration (> 45 µg m–3) was associated with prolonged hospital LOS (OR: 0.217, 95% CI: 0.03–0.404, P = 0.023), especially for younger children (≤ 5 years). In conclusion, we found that PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 exposure were risk factors for hospitalization due to pediatric pneumonia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aa8003d76d7642f4a8339a0783cc42fd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-aa8003d76d7642f4a8339a0783cc42fd2025-02-09T12:18:33ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092022-06-0122911310.4209/aaqr.220179Association between Air Pollution and Risk of Hospital Admission for Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, TaiwanPeng-Huei Liu0Kuo-Chen Huang1Yu-Lun Tseng2I-Min Chiu3Hsiu-Yung Pan4Fu-Jen Cheng5Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung, University College of MedicineDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineInstitute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen UniversityDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineAbstract Recent evidences have shown that particulate matter (PM) and other air pollutants are associated with pulmonary and systemic inflammation; however, the relationship between air pollutants and the risk of admission for pediatric pneumonia has not been well surveyed. This study aimed to estimate the hazards of air pollutants on the risk of pediatric pneumonia emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalization. Data on PM2.5 (PM with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µm), PM10 (PM with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 µm), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) in each of the 11 air monitoring stations in Kaohsiung city were collected. The medical records of non-traumatic patients under 17 years of age who had visited the ED between 2008 to 2013, with a principal diagnosis of pneumonia were extracted. We evaluated the relationship between air pollutant exposure and the risk of admission and length of hospital stay (LOS). An interquartile range increments of PM2.5 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.677, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.381–2.041), PM10 (OR: 1.568, 95% CI: 1.312–1.880), NO2 (OR: 1.383, 95% CI: 1.179–1.625), SO2 (OR: 1.261, 95% CI: 1.170–1.361), and O3 (OR: 1.182, 95% CI: 1.024–1.366) were statistically significantly associated with the risk of pediatric pneumonia hospitalization on lag 0–3. In the two-pollutant model, after adjusting for NO2 (OR: 1.534, 95% CI: 1.206–1.958), SO2 (OR: 1.534, 95% CI: 1.206–1.958), or O3 (OR: 1.741, 95% CI: 1.385–2.196), PM2.5 was still statistically significantly associated with pediatric pneumonia hospitalization. Furthermore, higher PM2.5 concentration (> 45 µg m–3) was associated with prolonged hospital LOS (OR: 0.217, 95% CI: 0.03–0.404, P = 0.023), especially for younger children (≤ 5 years). In conclusion, we found that PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 exposure were risk factors for hospitalization due to pediatric pneumonia.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220179Particulate matterPneumoniaPediatricPM2.5Air pollution |
| spellingShingle | Peng-Huei Liu Kuo-Chen Huang Yu-Lun Tseng I-Min Chiu Hsiu-Yung Pan Fu-Jen Cheng Association between Air Pollution and Risk of Hospital Admission for Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Aerosol and Air Quality Research Particulate matter Pneumonia Pediatric PM2.5 Air pollution |
| title | Association between Air Pollution and Risk of Hospital Admission for Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| title_full | Association between Air Pollution and Risk of Hospital Admission for Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| title_fullStr | Association between Air Pollution and Risk of Hospital Admission for Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between Air Pollution and Risk of Hospital Admission for Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| title_short | Association between Air Pollution and Risk of Hospital Admission for Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
| title_sort | association between air pollution and risk of hospital admission for pediatric pneumonia in a tropical city kaohsiung taiwan |
| topic | Particulate matter Pneumonia Pediatric PM2.5 Air pollution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220179 |
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