Sensorless Control of Ultra-High-Speed PMSM via Improved PR and Adaptive Position Observer

To improve the precision of the position and speed estimation in ultra-high-speed (UHS) permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) without position sensors, multiple refinements to the traditional extended electromotive force (EEMF) estimation algorithm are proposed in this paper. The key improvemen...

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Main Authors: Xiyue Bai, Weiguang Huang, Chuang Gao, Yingna Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/5/1290
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author Xiyue Bai
Weiguang Huang
Chuang Gao
Yingna Wu
author_facet Xiyue Bai
Weiguang Huang
Chuang Gao
Yingna Wu
author_sort Xiyue Bai
collection DOAJ
description To improve the precision of the position and speed estimation in ultra-high-speed (UHS) permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) without position sensors, multiple refinements to the traditional extended electromotive force (EEMF) estimation algorithm are proposed in this paper. The key improvements include discretization compensation, high-frequency harmonic filtering, and the real-time adjustment of the phase-locked loop (PLL) bandwidth. Firstly, a discrete model is introduced to address EMF cross-coupling issues. Secondly, an improved proportional resonant (IPR) controller eliminating static errors is utilized in place of the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller and low-pass filter (LPF) to enable precise electromotive force extraction, effectively filtering high-frequency harmonics that arise in low carrier ratio conditions. Based on a standard PR design, the IPR controller offers a streamlined calculation for target leading angles in delay compensation schemes to effectively mitigate discretization and delay errors. Additionally, an adaptive phase-locked loop (AQPLL) dynamically adjusts its bandwidth during acceleration to balance noise rejection and phase delay, reducing position estimation errors and optimizing torque. Simulations and experimental analyses on a motor (90,000 rpm, 30 kW) validate the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless driving techniques and demonstrate enhanced performance in position and velocity estimation, compared to the conventional EEMF approach.
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spelling doaj-art-aa65a738f3b4495ca9951aabb58018302025-08-20T02:59:07ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-02-01255129010.3390/s25051290Sensorless Control of Ultra-High-Speed PMSM via Improved PR and Adaptive Position ObserverXiyue Bai0Weiguang Huang1Chuang Gao2Yingna Wu3Center for Adaptive System Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, ChinaCenter for Adaptive System Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, ChinaShanghai Advanced Research Insititute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, ChinaCenter for Adaptive System Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, ChinaTo improve the precision of the position and speed estimation in ultra-high-speed (UHS) permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) without position sensors, multiple refinements to the traditional extended electromotive force (EEMF) estimation algorithm are proposed in this paper. The key improvements include discretization compensation, high-frequency harmonic filtering, and the real-time adjustment of the phase-locked loop (PLL) bandwidth. Firstly, a discrete model is introduced to address EMF cross-coupling issues. Secondly, an improved proportional resonant (IPR) controller eliminating static errors is utilized in place of the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller and low-pass filter (LPF) to enable precise electromotive force extraction, effectively filtering high-frequency harmonics that arise in low carrier ratio conditions. Based on a standard PR design, the IPR controller offers a streamlined calculation for target leading angles in delay compensation schemes to effectively mitigate discretization and delay errors. Additionally, an adaptive phase-locked loop (AQPLL) dynamically adjusts its bandwidth during acceleration to balance noise rejection and phase delay, reducing position estimation errors and optimizing torque. Simulations and experimental analyses on a motor (90,000 rpm, 30 kW) validate the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless driving techniques and demonstrate enhanced performance in position and velocity estimation, compared to the conventional EEMF approach.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/5/1290sensorless controlpermanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)discrete modelproportional resonant (PR) controllerphase-locked loop (PLL)
spellingShingle Xiyue Bai
Weiguang Huang
Chuang Gao
Yingna Wu
Sensorless Control of Ultra-High-Speed PMSM via Improved PR and Adaptive Position Observer
Sensors
sensorless control
permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)
discrete model
proportional resonant (PR) controller
phase-locked loop (PLL)
title Sensorless Control of Ultra-High-Speed PMSM via Improved PR and Adaptive Position Observer
title_full Sensorless Control of Ultra-High-Speed PMSM via Improved PR and Adaptive Position Observer
title_fullStr Sensorless Control of Ultra-High-Speed PMSM via Improved PR and Adaptive Position Observer
title_full_unstemmed Sensorless Control of Ultra-High-Speed PMSM via Improved PR and Adaptive Position Observer
title_short Sensorless Control of Ultra-High-Speed PMSM via Improved PR and Adaptive Position Observer
title_sort sensorless control of ultra high speed pmsm via improved pr and adaptive position observer
topic sensorless control
permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)
discrete model
proportional resonant (PR) controller
phase-locked loop (PLL)
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/5/1290
work_keys_str_mv AT xiyuebai sensorlesscontrolofultrahighspeedpmsmviaimprovedprandadaptivepositionobserver
AT weiguanghuang sensorlesscontrolofultrahighspeedpmsmviaimprovedprandadaptivepositionobserver
AT chuanggao sensorlesscontrolofultrahighspeedpmsmviaimprovedprandadaptivepositionobserver
AT yingnawu sensorlesscontrolofultrahighspeedpmsmviaimprovedprandadaptivepositionobserver