Screening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsis

Abstract Objective This study employed bioinformatics techniques to identify diagnostic genes associated with programmed cell death (PCD) and to explore potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of sepsis. Methods Gene expression profiles from sepsis patients were analyzed to identify different...

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Main Authors: Juanjuan Song, Kairui Ren, Yi Wang, Dexin Zhang, Lin Sun, Zhiqiang Tang, Lili Zhang, Ying Deng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:Hereditas
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s41065-025-00403-w
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author Juanjuan Song
Kairui Ren
Yi Wang
Dexin Zhang
Lin Sun
Zhiqiang Tang
Lili Zhang
Ying Deng
author_facet Juanjuan Song
Kairui Ren
Yi Wang
Dexin Zhang
Lin Sun
Zhiqiang Tang
Lili Zhang
Ying Deng
author_sort Juanjuan Song
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective This study employed bioinformatics techniques to identify diagnostic genes associated with programmed cell death (PCD) and to explore potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of sepsis. Methods Gene expression profiles from sepsis patients were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes through Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted to elucidate the functions of the DEGs. PCD-related genes were cross-referenced with the identified DEGs. Diagnostic genes were selected using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Random Forest (RF) methodologies. Single-cell RNA sequencing was utilized to assess gene expression in blood cells, while CIBERSORT was employed to evaluate immune cell infiltration. A transcription factor (TF)-microRNA (miRNA)-hub gene network was constructed, and potential therapeutic compounds were predicted using the Drug Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb). Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods were applied to analyze genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for S100A9, TXN, and GSTO1. Results The analysis revealed 2156 PCD-related genes, 714 DEGs, and 1198 hub genes, with 88 genes enriched in immune and cell death pathways. Five pivotal PCD-related genes (IRAK3, S100A9, TXN, NFATC2, and GSTO1) were identified, leading to the construction of a network comprising six transcription factors and 171 microRNAs. Additionally, seven drugs targeting S100A9, TXN, and NFATC2 were identified. MR analysis suggested that a decrease in GSTO1 levels is associated with an increased risk of sepsis, and that sepsis influences the levels of S100A9, TXN, and GSTO1. Conclusions Through bioinformatics approaches, this study successfully identified five genes (IRAK3, S100A9, TXN, NFATC2, and GSTO1) associated with programmed cell death in the context of sepsis. This research identified seven candidate drugs for sepsis treatment and established a methodological framework for predicting biomarkers and drug targets that could be applicable to other diseases.
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spelling doaj-art-aa5c73d8873e4fd08d08e796e14ef0b32025-08-20T02:41:34ZengBMCHereditas1601-52232025-03-01162111610.1186/s41065-025-00403-wScreening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsisJuanjuan Song0Kairui Ren1Yi Wang2Dexin Zhang3Lin Sun4Zhiqiang Tang5Lili Zhang6Ying Deng7Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Emergency, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceDepartment of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityAbstract Objective This study employed bioinformatics techniques to identify diagnostic genes associated with programmed cell death (PCD) and to explore potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of sepsis. Methods Gene expression profiles from sepsis patients were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes through Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted to elucidate the functions of the DEGs. PCD-related genes were cross-referenced with the identified DEGs. Diagnostic genes were selected using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Random Forest (RF) methodologies. Single-cell RNA sequencing was utilized to assess gene expression in blood cells, while CIBERSORT was employed to evaluate immune cell infiltration. A transcription factor (TF)-microRNA (miRNA)-hub gene network was constructed, and potential therapeutic compounds were predicted using the Drug Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb). Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods were applied to analyze genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for S100A9, TXN, and GSTO1. Results The analysis revealed 2156 PCD-related genes, 714 DEGs, and 1198 hub genes, with 88 genes enriched in immune and cell death pathways. Five pivotal PCD-related genes (IRAK3, S100A9, TXN, NFATC2, and GSTO1) were identified, leading to the construction of a network comprising six transcription factors and 171 microRNAs. Additionally, seven drugs targeting S100A9, TXN, and NFATC2 were identified. MR analysis suggested that a decrease in GSTO1 levels is associated with an increased risk of sepsis, and that sepsis influences the levels of S100A9, TXN, and GSTO1. Conclusions Through bioinformatics approaches, this study successfully identified five genes (IRAK3, S100A9, TXN, NFATC2, and GSTO1) associated with programmed cell death in the context of sepsis. This research identified seven candidate drugs for sepsis treatment and established a methodological framework for predicting biomarkers and drug targets that could be applicable to other diseases.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41065-025-00403-wSepsisMultiple organ dysfunctionProgrammed cell deathBioinformaticsMendelian randomization analysis
spellingShingle Juanjuan Song
Kairui Ren
Yi Wang
Dexin Zhang
Lin Sun
Zhiqiang Tang
Lili Zhang
Ying Deng
Screening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsis
Hereditas
Sepsis
Multiple organ dysfunction
Programmed cell death
Bioinformatics
Mendelian randomization analysis
title Screening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsis
title_full Screening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsis
title_fullStr Screening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsis
title_full_unstemmed Screening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsis
title_short Screening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsis
title_sort screening and analysis of programmed cell death related genes and targeted drugs in sepsis
topic Sepsis
Multiple organ dysfunction
Programmed cell death
Bioinformatics
Mendelian randomization analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s41065-025-00403-w
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