Combined Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Kenya: A DNDC Model-Based Prediction

The application of mineral fertilizers can effectively enhance crop yields. However, this potential benefit may be diminished if the use of mineral fertilizers leads to a substantial decline in soil organic carbon (SOC) and an increase in soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aimed to dete...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Stephen Okoth Aluoch, Md Raseduzzaman, Xiaoxin Li, Zhuoting Li, Fiston Bizimana, Zheng Yawen, Peter Semba Mosongo, David M. Mburu, Geofrey Waweru, Wenxu Dong, Chunsheng Hu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Agronomy
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/2/346
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850081956648189952
author Stephen Okoth Aluoch
Md Raseduzzaman
Xiaoxin Li
Zhuoting Li
Fiston Bizimana
Zheng Yawen
Peter Semba Mosongo
David M. Mburu
Geofrey Waweru
Wenxu Dong
Chunsheng Hu
author_facet Stephen Okoth Aluoch
Md Raseduzzaman
Xiaoxin Li
Zhuoting Li
Fiston Bizimana
Zheng Yawen
Peter Semba Mosongo
David M. Mburu
Geofrey Waweru
Wenxu Dong
Chunsheng Hu
author_sort Stephen Okoth Aluoch
collection DOAJ
description The application of mineral fertilizers can effectively enhance crop yields. However, this potential benefit may be diminished if the use of mineral fertilizers leads to a substantial decline in soil organic carbon (SOC) and an increase in soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aimed to determine the optimal fertilizer combinations and rates for improving SOC and maize yield while reducing GHG emissions in the semi-arid uplands of Kenya. Data were collected from five different fertilizer treatments (N50, N100, N150, N100+manure, and N100+straw) compared to a control (N0) in a long-term experimental field, which was used to run and validate the DNDC model before using it for long-term predictions. The results showed that the combination of mineral fertilizer and straw resulted in the highest SOC balance, followed by that of fertilizer and manure. All fertilized treatments had higher maize grain yields compared to low-fertilizer treatment (N50) and control (N0). Daily CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes were highest in the treatment combining mineral fertilizer and manure, whereas there were no significant differences in N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes among the three tested treatments. The findings of this study indicate that the judicious application of mineral fertilizer, animal manure, and straw has great potential in enhancing SOC and maize yields while reducing GHG emissions, thereby providing practical farming management strategies in semi-arid Kenya.
format Article
id doaj-art-aa5112c620f84634840bf3c6ece2c3cf
institution DOAJ
issn 2073-4395
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Agronomy
spelling doaj-art-aa5112c620f84634840bf3c6ece2c3cf2025-08-20T02:44:36ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-01-0115234610.3390/agronomy15020346Combined Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Kenya: A DNDC Model-Based PredictionStephen Okoth Aluoch0Md Raseduzzaman1Xiaoxin Li2Zhuoting Li3Fiston Bizimana4Zheng Yawen5Peter Semba Mosongo6David M. Mburu7Geofrey Waweru8Wenxu Dong9Chunsheng Hu10Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning 530001, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi 62000-00100, KenyaJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi 62000-00100, KenyaHebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaThe application of mineral fertilizers can effectively enhance crop yields. However, this potential benefit may be diminished if the use of mineral fertilizers leads to a substantial decline in soil organic carbon (SOC) and an increase in soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study aimed to determine the optimal fertilizer combinations and rates for improving SOC and maize yield while reducing GHG emissions in the semi-arid uplands of Kenya. Data were collected from five different fertilizer treatments (N50, N100, N150, N100+manure, and N100+straw) compared to a control (N0) in a long-term experimental field, which was used to run and validate the DNDC model before using it for long-term predictions. The results showed that the combination of mineral fertilizer and straw resulted in the highest SOC balance, followed by that of fertilizer and manure. All fertilized treatments had higher maize grain yields compared to low-fertilizer treatment (N50) and control (N0). Daily CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes were highest in the treatment combining mineral fertilizer and manure, whereas there were no significant differences in N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes among the three tested treatments. The findings of this study indicate that the judicious application of mineral fertilizer, animal manure, and straw has great potential in enhancing SOC and maize yields while reducing GHG emissions, thereby providing practical farming management strategies in semi-arid Kenya.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/2/346long-term predictionorganic carbon sequestrationorganic amendmentscenario analysesoptimal practices
spellingShingle Stephen Okoth Aluoch
Md Raseduzzaman
Xiaoxin Li
Zhuoting Li
Fiston Bizimana
Zheng Yawen
Peter Semba Mosongo
David M. Mburu
Geofrey Waweru
Wenxu Dong
Chunsheng Hu
Combined Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Kenya: A DNDC Model-Based Prediction
Agronomy
long-term prediction
organic carbon sequestration
organic amendment
scenario analyses
optimal practices
title Combined Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Kenya: A DNDC Model-Based Prediction
title_full Combined Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Kenya: A DNDC Model-Based Prediction
title_fullStr Combined Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Kenya: A DNDC Model-Based Prediction
title_full_unstemmed Combined Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Kenya: A DNDC Model-Based Prediction
title_short Combined Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Yield in Semi-Arid Kenya: A DNDC Model-Based Prediction
title_sort combined mineral and organic fertilizer application enhances soil organic carbon and maize yield in semi arid kenya a dndc model based prediction
topic long-term prediction
organic carbon sequestration
organic amendment
scenario analyses
optimal practices
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/2/346
work_keys_str_mv AT stephenokothaluoch combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT mdraseduzzaman combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT xiaoxinli combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT zhuotingli combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT fistonbizimana combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT zhengyawen combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT petersembamosongo combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT davidmmburu combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT geofreywaweru combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT wenxudong combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction
AT chunshenghu combinedmineralandorganicfertilizerapplicationenhancessoilorganiccarbonandmaizeyieldinsemiaridkenyaadndcmodelbasedprediction