Biological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acid
Abstract Calcium phosphate cements, primarily brushite cements, require the addition of setting retarders to ensure adequate processing time and processability. So far, citric acid has been the primary setting retarder used in this context. Due to the poor biocompatibility, it is crucial to explore...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-024-06805-y |
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| author | Valentin C. Steinacker Jan Weichhold Tobias Renner Sebastian Gubik Andreas Vollmer Niko Breitenbücher Andreas Fuchs Anton Straub Stefan Hartmann Alexander C. Kübler Uwe Gbureck |
| author_facet | Valentin C. Steinacker Jan Weichhold Tobias Renner Sebastian Gubik Andreas Vollmer Niko Breitenbücher Andreas Fuchs Anton Straub Stefan Hartmann Alexander C. Kübler Uwe Gbureck |
| author_sort | Valentin C. Steinacker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Calcium phosphate cements, primarily brushite cements, require the addition of setting retarders to ensure adequate processing time and processability. So far, citric acid has been the primary setting retarder used in this context. Due to the poor biocompatibility, it is crucial to explore alternative options for better processing. In recent years, the setting retarder phytic acid (IP6) has been increasingly investigated. This study investigates the biological behaviour of calcium phosphate cements with varying concentrations of IP6, in addition to their physical properties. Therefore cytocompatibility in vitro testing was performed using osteoblastic (MG-63) and osteoclastic (RAW 264.7 differentiated with RANKL) cells. We could demonstrate that the physical properties like the compressive strength of specimens formed with IP6 (brushite_IP6_5 = 11.2 MPa) were improved compared to the reference (brushite = 9.8 MPa). In osteoblast and osteoclast assays, IP6 exhibited significantly better cytocompatibility in terms of cell activity and cell number for brushite cements up to 11 times compared to the brushite reference. In contrast, the calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) cements produced similar results for IP6 (CDHA_IP6_0.25 = 27.0 MPa) when compared to their reference (CDHA = 21.2 MPa). Interestingly, lower doses of IP6 were found to be more effective than higher doses with up to 3 times higher. Additionally, IP6 significantly increased degradation in both passive and active resorption. For these reasons, IP6 is emerging as a strong new competitor to established setting retarders such as citric acid. These cements have potential applications in bone augmentation, the stabilisation of non-load bearing fractures (craniofacial), or the cementation of metal implants. Graphical Abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aa4cb0d01b1049b7bbfbe362e9127898 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1573-4838 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-aa4cb0d01b1049b7bbfbe362e91278982025-08-20T02:40:21ZengSpringerJournal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine1573-48382024-06-0135111210.1007/s10856-024-06805-yBiological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acidValentin C. Steinacker0Jan Weichhold1Tobias Renner2Sebastian Gubik3Andreas Vollmer4Niko Breitenbücher5Andreas Fuchs6Anton Straub7Stefan Hartmann8Alexander C. Kübler9Uwe Gbureck10Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital WürzburgDepartment for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital WürzburgAbstract Calcium phosphate cements, primarily brushite cements, require the addition of setting retarders to ensure adequate processing time and processability. So far, citric acid has been the primary setting retarder used in this context. Due to the poor biocompatibility, it is crucial to explore alternative options for better processing. In recent years, the setting retarder phytic acid (IP6) has been increasingly investigated. This study investigates the biological behaviour of calcium phosphate cements with varying concentrations of IP6, in addition to their physical properties. Therefore cytocompatibility in vitro testing was performed using osteoblastic (MG-63) and osteoclastic (RAW 264.7 differentiated with RANKL) cells. We could demonstrate that the physical properties like the compressive strength of specimens formed with IP6 (brushite_IP6_5 = 11.2 MPa) were improved compared to the reference (brushite = 9.8 MPa). In osteoblast and osteoclast assays, IP6 exhibited significantly better cytocompatibility in terms of cell activity and cell number for brushite cements up to 11 times compared to the brushite reference. In contrast, the calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) cements produced similar results for IP6 (CDHA_IP6_0.25 = 27.0 MPa) when compared to their reference (CDHA = 21.2 MPa). Interestingly, lower doses of IP6 were found to be more effective than higher doses with up to 3 times higher. Additionally, IP6 significantly increased degradation in both passive and active resorption. For these reasons, IP6 is emerging as a strong new competitor to established setting retarders such as citric acid. These cements have potential applications in bone augmentation, the stabilisation of non-load bearing fractures (craniofacial), or the cementation of metal implants. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-024-06805-y |
| spellingShingle | Valentin C. Steinacker Jan Weichhold Tobias Renner Sebastian Gubik Andreas Vollmer Niko Breitenbücher Andreas Fuchs Anton Straub Stefan Hartmann Alexander C. Kübler Uwe Gbureck Biological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acid Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine |
| title | Biological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acid |
| title_full | Biological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acid |
| title_fullStr | Biological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acid |
| title_short | Biological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acid |
| title_sort | biological and mechanical performance of calcium phosphate cements modified with phytic acid |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-024-06805-y |
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