Unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapy
In recent years, evidence has shown that the gut microbiome significantly influences responses to immunotherapy. This has sparked interest in targeting it to improve therapy outcomes and predictions of response and toxicity. Research has demonstrated that dysbiosis, often resulting from antibiotic u...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer |
| Online Access: | https://jitc.bmj.com/content/13/4/e011281.full |
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| author | Giorgio Trinchieri Maria A Clavijo-Salomon |
| author_facet | Giorgio Trinchieri Maria A Clavijo-Salomon |
| author_sort | Giorgio Trinchieri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, evidence has shown that the gut microbiome significantly influences responses to immunotherapy. This has sparked interest in targeting it to improve therapy outcomes and predictions of response and toxicity. Research has demonstrated that dysbiosis, often resulting from antibiotic use, can diminish the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and this lack of efficacy could be linked to systemic inflammation. Certain bacterial species have been identified as having beneficial and harmful effects on immunotherapy in the clinic. While a clear consensus has yet to emerge on the optimal species for therapeutic use, introducing a new microbiome into immunotherapy-refractory patients may boost their chances of responding to further treatment attempts. State-of-the-art interventions targeting the microbiome—such as fecal microbiota transplantation—are being assessed clinically for their safety and potential to enhance treatment outcomes, with promising results. Additionally, the microbiome has been leveraged for its power to predict clinical outcomes using machine learning, and surprisingly, its predictive capability is comparable to that of other described multi-biomarker clinical scores. Here, we discuss developing knowledge concerning the microbiome’s significance in cancer immunotherapy and outline future strategies for maximizing its potential in immuno-oncology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aa42d2ae76984e5ea49d94211f1085c9 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2051-1426 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer |
| spelling | doaj-art-aa42d2ae76984e5ea49d94211f1085c92025-08-20T03:05:44ZengBMJ Publishing GroupJournal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer2051-14262025-04-0113410.1136/jitc-2024-011281Unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapyGiorgio Trinchieri0Maria A Clavijo-Salomon1Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USALaboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USAIn recent years, evidence has shown that the gut microbiome significantly influences responses to immunotherapy. This has sparked interest in targeting it to improve therapy outcomes and predictions of response and toxicity. Research has demonstrated that dysbiosis, often resulting from antibiotic use, can diminish the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and this lack of efficacy could be linked to systemic inflammation. Certain bacterial species have been identified as having beneficial and harmful effects on immunotherapy in the clinic. While a clear consensus has yet to emerge on the optimal species for therapeutic use, introducing a new microbiome into immunotherapy-refractory patients may boost their chances of responding to further treatment attempts. State-of-the-art interventions targeting the microbiome—such as fecal microbiota transplantation—are being assessed clinically for their safety and potential to enhance treatment outcomes, with promising results. Additionally, the microbiome has been leveraged for its power to predict clinical outcomes using machine learning, and surprisingly, its predictive capability is comparable to that of other described multi-biomarker clinical scores. Here, we discuss developing knowledge concerning the microbiome’s significance in cancer immunotherapy and outline future strategies for maximizing its potential in immuno-oncology.https://jitc.bmj.com/content/13/4/e011281.full |
| spellingShingle | Giorgio Trinchieri Maria A Clavijo-Salomon Unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapy Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer |
| title | Unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapy |
| title_full | Unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapy |
| title_short | Unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapy |
| title_sort | unlocking the power of the microbiome for successful cancer immunotherapy |
| url | https://jitc.bmj.com/content/13/4/e011281.full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giorgiotrinchieri unlockingthepowerofthemicrobiomeforsuccessfulcancerimmunotherapy AT mariaaclavijosalomon unlockingthepowerofthemicrobiomeforsuccessfulcancerimmunotherapy |