Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial

Background This study investigated the effects of caffeinated chewing gum on fatigue index and 400-meter performance in trained sprinters.Methods Nineteen participants (age: 20.9 ± 1.0 years; height: 175.6 ± 4.9 cm; mass: 66.5 ± 5.6 kg; training age: 7.9 ± 1.0 years) were randomly assigned to either...

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Main Authors: Yi-Jie Shiu, Che-Hsiu Chen, Wu-Shiun Tao, Hui-Fang Nai, Chen-Yi Yu, Chih-Hui Chiu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2024.2414871
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author Yi-Jie Shiu
Che-Hsiu Chen
Wu-Shiun Tao
Hui-Fang Nai
Chen-Yi Yu
Chih-Hui Chiu
author_facet Yi-Jie Shiu
Che-Hsiu Chen
Wu-Shiun Tao
Hui-Fang Nai
Chen-Yi Yu
Chih-Hui Chiu
author_sort Yi-Jie Shiu
collection DOAJ
description Background This study investigated the effects of caffeinated chewing gum on fatigue index and 400-meter performance in trained sprinters.Methods Nineteen participants (age: 20.9 ± 1.0 years; height: 175.6 ± 4.9 cm; mass: 66.5 ± 5.6 kg; training age: 7.9 ± 1.0 years) were randomly assigned to either a caffeine trial (CAF) or a placebo trial (PL) using a double-blind, randomized crossover design. The participants in the CAF trial chewed a gum containing 3 mg/kg of caffeine for a period of 10 minutes, while those in the PL trial chewed a gum containing a placebo with no caffeine. Following a 15-minute period of rest, the fatigue index was tested by six maximal 35-meter sprints with a 10-second rest between efforts. After this, at least 30 minutes of rest was permitted, during which time the participants engaged in brief warm-up activities prior to the commencement of the 400-meter sprint test. Saliva samples were collected before chewing gum, before the fatigue test and before 400-meters sprinting.Results The fatigue index was significantly lower in the CAF trial compared to the PL trial (CAF: 8.1 ± 2.5%; PL: 9.6 ± 4.8%; p = 0.046, Cohen’s d = 039). The CAF trial demonstrated significantly lower sprint time for the 300–400 meter segment (CAF: 14.73 ± 1.35 seconds; PL: 15.23 ± 1.30 seconds; p = 0.019, Cohen’s d = 0.37) and total sprint time compared to the PL trial (CAF: 53.87 ± 2.88 seconds; PL: 54.68 ± 3.37 seconds; p = 0.003, Cohen’s d = 0.27). Saliva caffeine and α-amylase concentration were significantly higher in the CAF trial compared to the PL trial (p < 0.05).Conclusion The present study demonstrated that caffeine gum supplementation prior to exercise significantly reduced the fatigue index and increased the capacity to maintain speed, particularly in the final 300 to 400 meters, as well as enhancing 400-meter sprint performance.
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spelling doaj-art-aa38c554d97c4b69b6b6aa05a95392fb2025-08-20T02:34:23ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition1550-27832024-12-0121110.1080/15502783.2024.2414871Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trialYi-Jie Shiu0Che-Hsiu Chen1Wu-Shiun Tao2Hui-Fang Nai3Chen-Yi Yu4Chih-Hui Chiu5National Taiwan Normal University, Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Taipei, TaiwanNational Taiwan University of Sport, Department of Sport Performance, Taichung, TaiwanNational Taiwan University of Sport, Department of Ball Sport, Taichung, TaiwanNational Taiwan University of Sport, Department of Sport Performance, Taichung, TaiwanNational Taiwan University of Sport, Department of Sport Performance, Taichung, TaiwanNational Taiwan University of Sport, Graduate Program in Department of Exercise Health Science, TaiwanBackground This study investigated the effects of caffeinated chewing gum on fatigue index and 400-meter performance in trained sprinters.Methods Nineteen participants (age: 20.9 ± 1.0 years; height: 175.6 ± 4.9 cm; mass: 66.5 ± 5.6 kg; training age: 7.9 ± 1.0 years) were randomly assigned to either a caffeine trial (CAF) or a placebo trial (PL) using a double-blind, randomized crossover design. The participants in the CAF trial chewed a gum containing 3 mg/kg of caffeine for a period of 10 minutes, while those in the PL trial chewed a gum containing a placebo with no caffeine. Following a 15-minute period of rest, the fatigue index was tested by six maximal 35-meter sprints with a 10-second rest between efforts. After this, at least 30 minutes of rest was permitted, during which time the participants engaged in brief warm-up activities prior to the commencement of the 400-meter sprint test. Saliva samples were collected before chewing gum, before the fatigue test and before 400-meters sprinting.Results The fatigue index was significantly lower in the CAF trial compared to the PL trial (CAF: 8.1 ± 2.5%; PL: 9.6 ± 4.8%; p = 0.046, Cohen’s d = 039). The CAF trial demonstrated significantly lower sprint time for the 300–400 meter segment (CAF: 14.73 ± 1.35 seconds; PL: 15.23 ± 1.30 seconds; p = 0.019, Cohen’s d = 0.37) and total sprint time compared to the PL trial (CAF: 53.87 ± 2.88 seconds; PL: 54.68 ± 3.37 seconds; p = 0.003, Cohen’s d = 0.27). Saliva caffeine and α-amylase concentration were significantly higher in the CAF trial compared to the PL trial (p < 0.05).Conclusion The present study demonstrated that caffeine gum supplementation prior to exercise significantly reduced the fatigue index and increased the capacity to maintain speed, particularly in the final 300 to 400 meters, as well as enhancing 400-meter sprint performance.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2024.2414871α-amylaseergogenic aidsathletesnutrition
spellingShingle Yi-Jie Shiu
Che-Hsiu Chen
Wu-Shiun Tao
Hui-Fang Nai
Chen-Yi Yu
Chih-Hui Chiu
Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
α-amylase
ergogenic aids
athletes
nutrition
title Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial
title_full Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial
title_fullStr Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial
title_full_unstemmed Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial
title_short Acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400-meter performance in trained sprinters: a double-blind crossover trial
title_sort acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum reduces fatigue index and improves 400 meter performance in trained sprinters a double blind crossover trial
topic α-amylase
ergogenic aids
athletes
nutrition
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2024.2414871
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