Claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms: mechanisms, prognosis, and therapeutic prospects
Genitourinary (GU) cancers are among the most prevalent neoplasms in the world, with bladder cancers constituting 3% of global cancer diagnoses. However, several pathogenetic mechanisms remain controversial and unclear. Claudins, for example, have been shown to play a significant role in several can...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2023.1308082/full |
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| author | Tarek Ziad Arabi Nader Ashraf Belal Nedal Sabbah Abderrahman Ouban Abderrahman Ouban |
| author_facet | Tarek Ziad Arabi Nader Ashraf Belal Nedal Sabbah Abderrahman Ouban Abderrahman Ouban |
| author_sort | Tarek Ziad Arabi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Genitourinary (GU) cancers are among the most prevalent neoplasms in the world, with bladder cancers constituting 3% of global cancer diagnoses. However, several pathogenetic mechanisms remain controversial and unclear. Claudins, for example, have been shown to play a significant role in several cancers of the human body. Their role in GU cancers has not been extensively studied. Aberrant expression of claudins −1, −2, −3, −4, −7, and −11 has been expressed in urothelial cell carcinomas. In prostate cancers, altered levels of claudins −1, −2, −3, −4, and −5 have been reported. Furthermore, the levels of claudins −1, −2, −3, −4, −6, −7, −8, and −10 have been studied in renal cell carcinomas. Specifically, claudins −7 and −8 have proven especially useful in differentiating between chromophobe renal cell carcinomas and oncocytomas. Several of these claudins also correlate with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis in GU cancers. Although mechanisms underpinning aberrant expression of claudins in GU cancers are unclear, epigenetic changes, tumor necrosis factor-ɑ, and the p63 protein have been implicated. Claudins also provide therapeutic value through tailored immunotherapy via molecular subtyping and providing therapeutic targets, which have shown positive outcomes in preclinical studies. In this review, we aim to summarize the literature describing aberrant expression of claudins in urothelial, prostatic, and renal cell carcinomas. Then, we describe the mechanisms underlying these changes and the therapeutic value of claudins. Understanding the scope of claudins in GU cancers paves the way for several diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic innovations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aa3512e7294c43e18096f7c4da18ee1a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-aa3512e7294c43e18096f7c4da18ee1a2025-08-20T03:53:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2023-12-011110.3389/fcell.2023.13080821308082Claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms: mechanisms, prognosis, and therapeutic prospectsTarek Ziad Arabi0Nader Ashraf1Belal Nedal Sabbah2Abderrahman Ouban3Abderrahman Ouban4College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaGenitourinary (GU) cancers are among the most prevalent neoplasms in the world, with bladder cancers constituting 3% of global cancer diagnoses. However, several pathogenetic mechanisms remain controversial and unclear. Claudins, for example, have been shown to play a significant role in several cancers of the human body. Their role in GU cancers has not been extensively studied. Aberrant expression of claudins −1, −2, −3, −4, −7, and −11 has been expressed in urothelial cell carcinomas. In prostate cancers, altered levels of claudins −1, −2, −3, −4, and −5 have been reported. Furthermore, the levels of claudins −1, −2, −3, −4, −6, −7, −8, and −10 have been studied in renal cell carcinomas. Specifically, claudins −7 and −8 have proven especially useful in differentiating between chromophobe renal cell carcinomas and oncocytomas. Several of these claudins also correlate with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis in GU cancers. Although mechanisms underpinning aberrant expression of claudins in GU cancers are unclear, epigenetic changes, tumor necrosis factor-ɑ, and the p63 protein have been implicated. Claudins also provide therapeutic value through tailored immunotherapy via molecular subtyping and providing therapeutic targets, which have shown positive outcomes in preclinical studies. In this review, we aim to summarize the literature describing aberrant expression of claudins in urothelial, prostatic, and renal cell carcinomas. Then, we describe the mechanisms underlying these changes and the therapeutic value of claudins. Understanding the scope of claudins in GU cancers paves the way for several diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic innovations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2023.1308082/fullclaudinscarcinomaurothelial cellprostaterenal cell carcinomatreatment |
| spellingShingle | Tarek Ziad Arabi Nader Ashraf Belal Nedal Sabbah Abderrahman Ouban Abderrahman Ouban Claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms: mechanisms, prognosis, and therapeutic prospects Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology claudins carcinoma urothelial cell prostate renal cell carcinoma treatment |
| title | Claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms: mechanisms, prognosis, and therapeutic prospects |
| title_full | Claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms: mechanisms, prognosis, and therapeutic prospects |
| title_fullStr | Claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms: mechanisms, prognosis, and therapeutic prospects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms: mechanisms, prognosis, and therapeutic prospects |
| title_short | Claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms: mechanisms, prognosis, and therapeutic prospects |
| title_sort | claudins in genitourinary tract neoplasms mechanisms prognosis and therapeutic prospects |
| topic | claudins carcinoma urothelial cell prostate renal cell carcinoma treatment |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2023.1308082/full |
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