Use of Smartphones and Wrist-Worn Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Commercially Available Technologies

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. The accurate and continuous monitoring of these symptoms is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Traditionally, c...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gabriele Triolo, Daniela Ivaldi, Roberta Lombardo, Angelo Quartarone, Viviana Lo Buono
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3732
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850165067476107264
author Gabriele Triolo
Daniela Ivaldi
Roberta Lombardo
Angelo Quartarone
Viviana Lo Buono
author_facet Gabriele Triolo
Daniela Ivaldi
Roberta Lombardo
Angelo Quartarone
Viviana Lo Buono
author_sort Gabriele Triolo
collection DOAJ
description Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. The accurate and continuous monitoring of these symptoms is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Traditionally, clinical assessments have relied on scales and methods that often lack the ability for continuous, real-time monitoring and can be subject to interpretation bias. Recent advancements in wearable technologies, such as smartphones, smartwatches, and activity trackers (ATs), present a promising alternative for more consistent and objective monitoring. This review aims to evaluate the use of smartphones and smart wrist devices, like smartwatches and activity trackers, in the management of PD, assessing their effectiveness in symptom evaluation and monitoring and physical performance improvement. Studies were identified by searching in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Only 13 studies of 1027 were included in our review. Smartphones, smartwatches, and activity trackers showed a growing potential in the assessment, monitoring, and improvement of motor symptoms in people with PD, compared to clinical scales and research-grade sensors. Their relatively low cost, accessibility, and usability support their integration into real-world clinical practice and exhibit validity to support PD management.
format Article
id doaj-art-aa1dd3a8f2d34493926914d327cd09fc
institution OA Journals
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-aa1dd3a8f2d34493926914d327cd09fc2025-08-20T02:21:50ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-06-012512373210.3390/s25123732Use of Smartphones and Wrist-Worn Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Commercially Available TechnologiesGabriele Triolo0Daniela Ivaldi1Roberta Lombardo2Angelo Quartarone3Viviana Lo Buono4IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98124 Messina, ItalyIRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98124 Messina, ItalyIRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98124 Messina, ItalyIRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98124 Messina, ItalyIRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, 98124 Messina, ItalyParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. The accurate and continuous monitoring of these symptoms is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Traditionally, clinical assessments have relied on scales and methods that often lack the ability for continuous, real-time monitoring and can be subject to interpretation bias. Recent advancements in wearable technologies, such as smartphones, smartwatches, and activity trackers (ATs), present a promising alternative for more consistent and objective monitoring. This review aims to evaluate the use of smartphones and smart wrist devices, like smartwatches and activity trackers, in the management of PD, assessing their effectiveness in symptom evaluation and monitoring and physical performance improvement. Studies were identified by searching in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Only 13 studies of 1027 were included in our review. Smartphones, smartwatches, and activity trackers showed a growing potential in the assessment, monitoring, and improvement of motor symptoms in people with PD, compared to clinical scales and research-grade sensors. Their relatively low cost, accessibility, and usability support their integration into real-world clinical practice and exhibit validity to support PD management.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3732Parkinson’s DiseasemHealthsmartphonesmartwatchactivity trackersUPDRS
spellingShingle Gabriele Triolo
Daniela Ivaldi
Roberta Lombardo
Angelo Quartarone
Viviana Lo Buono
Use of Smartphones and Wrist-Worn Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Commercially Available Technologies
Sensors
Parkinson’s Disease
mHealth
smartphone
smartwatch
activity trackers
UPDRS
title Use of Smartphones and Wrist-Worn Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Commercially Available Technologies
title_full Use of Smartphones and Wrist-Worn Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Commercially Available Technologies
title_fullStr Use of Smartphones and Wrist-Worn Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Commercially Available Technologies
title_full_unstemmed Use of Smartphones and Wrist-Worn Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Commercially Available Technologies
title_short Use of Smartphones and Wrist-Worn Devices for Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Commercially Available Technologies
title_sort use of smartphones and wrist worn devices for motor symptoms in parkinson s disease a systematic review of commercially available technologies
topic Parkinson’s Disease
mHealth
smartphone
smartwatch
activity trackers
UPDRS
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3732
work_keys_str_mv AT gabrieletriolo useofsmartphonesandwristworndevicesformotorsymptomsinparkinsonsdiseaseasystematicreviewofcommerciallyavailabletechnologies
AT danielaivaldi useofsmartphonesandwristworndevicesformotorsymptomsinparkinsonsdiseaseasystematicreviewofcommerciallyavailabletechnologies
AT robertalombardo useofsmartphonesandwristworndevicesformotorsymptomsinparkinsonsdiseaseasystematicreviewofcommerciallyavailabletechnologies
AT angeloquartarone useofsmartphonesandwristworndevicesformotorsymptomsinparkinsonsdiseaseasystematicreviewofcommerciallyavailabletechnologies
AT vivianalobuono useofsmartphonesandwristworndevicesformotorsymptomsinparkinsonsdiseaseasystematicreviewofcommerciallyavailabletechnologies