Integration of Hybrid Machine Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization for Enhanced Turning Parameters of EN-GJL-250 Cast Iron

This study aims to optimize the turning parameters for EN-GJL-250 grey cast iron using hybrid machine learning techniques integrated with multi-objective optimization algorithms. The experimental design focused on evaluating the impact of cutting tool type, testing three tools: uncoated and coated s...

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Main Authors: Yacine Karmi, Haithem Boumediri, Omar Reffas, Yazid Chetbani, Sabbah Ataya, Rashid Khan, Mohamed Athmane Yallese, Aissa Laouissi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Crystals
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/3/264
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author Yacine Karmi
Haithem Boumediri
Omar Reffas
Yazid Chetbani
Sabbah Ataya
Rashid Khan
Mohamed Athmane Yallese
Aissa Laouissi
author_facet Yacine Karmi
Haithem Boumediri
Omar Reffas
Yazid Chetbani
Sabbah Ataya
Rashid Khan
Mohamed Athmane Yallese
Aissa Laouissi
author_sort Yacine Karmi
collection DOAJ
description This study aims to optimize the turning parameters for EN-GJL-250 grey cast iron using hybrid machine learning techniques integrated with multi-objective optimization algorithms. The experimental design focused on evaluating the impact of cutting tool type, testing three tools: uncoated and coated silicon nitride (Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) ceramic inserts and coated cubic boron nitride (CBN). Key cutting parameters such as depth of cut (<i>ap</i>), feed rate (<i>f</i>), and cutting speed (<i>Vc</i>) were varied to examine their effects on surface roughness (<i>Ra</i>), cutting force (<i>Fr</i>), and power consumption (<i>Pc</i>). The results showed that the coated Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> tool achieved the best surface finish, with minimal cutting force and power consumption, while the uncoated Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and CBN tools performed slightly worse. Advanced optimization models including improved grey wolf optimizer–deep neural networks (DNN-IGWOs), genetic algorithm–deep neural networks (DNN-GAs), and deep neural network–extended Kalman filters (DNN-EKF) were compared with traditional methods like Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Decision Trees (DTs), and Levenberg–Marquardt (LM). The DNN-EKF model demonstrated exceptional predictive accuracy with an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.99. The desirability function (DF) method identified the optimal machining parameters for the coated Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> tool: <i>ap</i> = 0.25 mm, <i>f</i> = 0.08 mm/rev, and <i>Vc</i> = 437.76 m/min. At these settings, <i>Fr</i> ranged between 46.424 and 47.405 N, <i>Ra</i> remained around 0.520 µm, and <i>Pc</i> varied between 386.518 W and 392.412 W. The multi-objective grey wolf optimization (MOGWO) further refined these parameters to minimize <i>Fr</i>, <i>Ra</i>, and <i>Pc</i>. This study demonstrates the potential of integrating machine learning and optimization techniques to significantly enhance manufacturing efficiency.
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spelling doaj-art-aa17e69d92b0423c9c501f8a5d49489b2025-08-20T02:11:01ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522025-03-0115326410.3390/cryst15030264Integration of Hybrid Machine Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization for Enhanced Turning Parameters of EN-GJL-250 Cast IronYacine Karmi0Haithem Boumediri1Omar Reffas2Yazid Chetbani3Sabbah Ataya4Rashid Khan5Mohamed Athmane Yallese6Aissa Laouissi7Electromechanical Department, Institute of Applied Sciences and Techniques, University of Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, AlgeriaMechanical Department, Institute of Applied Sciences and Techniques, University of Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, AlgeriaElectromechanical Department, Institute of Applied Sciences and Techniques, University of Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, AlgeriaLaboratory of Mechanics and Materials Development, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Djelfa, Djelfa 17000, AlgeriaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi ArabiaLMS Laboratory, 8 Mai 1945 University, Guelma 24000, AlgeriaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bordj Bou Arreridj 34033, AlgeriaThis study aims to optimize the turning parameters for EN-GJL-250 grey cast iron using hybrid machine learning techniques integrated with multi-objective optimization algorithms. The experimental design focused on evaluating the impact of cutting tool type, testing three tools: uncoated and coated silicon nitride (Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) ceramic inserts and coated cubic boron nitride (CBN). Key cutting parameters such as depth of cut (<i>ap</i>), feed rate (<i>f</i>), and cutting speed (<i>Vc</i>) were varied to examine their effects on surface roughness (<i>Ra</i>), cutting force (<i>Fr</i>), and power consumption (<i>Pc</i>). The results showed that the coated Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> tool achieved the best surface finish, with minimal cutting force and power consumption, while the uncoated Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and CBN tools performed slightly worse. Advanced optimization models including improved grey wolf optimizer–deep neural networks (DNN-IGWOs), genetic algorithm–deep neural networks (DNN-GAs), and deep neural network–extended Kalman filters (DNN-EKF) were compared with traditional methods like Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Decision Trees (DTs), and Levenberg–Marquardt (LM). The DNN-EKF model demonstrated exceptional predictive accuracy with an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.99. The desirability function (DF) method identified the optimal machining parameters for the coated Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> tool: <i>ap</i> = 0.25 mm, <i>f</i> = 0.08 mm/rev, and <i>Vc</i> = 437.76 m/min. At these settings, <i>Fr</i> ranged between 46.424 and 47.405 N, <i>Ra</i> remained around 0.520 µm, and <i>Pc</i> varied between 386.518 W and 392.412 W. The multi-objective grey wolf optimization (MOGWO) further refined these parameters to minimize <i>Fr</i>, <i>Ra</i>, and <i>Pc</i>. This study demonstrates the potential of integrating machine learning and optimization techniques to significantly enhance manufacturing efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/3/264cutting parameterssurface roughnesshybrid machine learningpredictive modelingmulti-objective optimization
spellingShingle Yacine Karmi
Haithem Boumediri
Omar Reffas
Yazid Chetbani
Sabbah Ataya
Rashid Khan
Mohamed Athmane Yallese
Aissa Laouissi
Integration of Hybrid Machine Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization for Enhanced Turning Parameters of EN-GJL-250 Cast Iron
Crystals
cutting parameters
surface roughness
hybrid machine learning
predictive modeling
multi-objective optimization
title Integration of Hybrid Machine Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization for Enhanced Turning Parameters of EN-GJL-250 Cast Iron
title_full Integration of Hybrid Machine Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization for Enhanced Turning Parameters of EN-GJL-250 Cast Iron
title_fullStr Integration of Hybrid Machine Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization for Enhanced Turning Parameters of EN-GJL-250 Cast Iron
title_full_unstemmed Integration of Hybrid Machine Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization for Enhanced Turning Parameters of EN-GJL-250 Cast Iron
title_short Integration of Hybrid Machine Learning and Multi-Objective Optimization for Enhanced Turning Parameters of EN-GJL-250 Cast Iron
title_sort integration of hybrid machine learning and multi objective optimization for enhanced turning parameters of en gjl 250 cast iron
topic cutting parameters
surface roughness
hybrid machine learning
predictive modeling
multi-objective optimization
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/3/264
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