Multiwavelength Evidence for Two New Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsars in the Subluminous Disk State: 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231

We report the discovery of two new Galactic accreting compact objects consistent with the respective positions of the unassociated Fermi-LAT γ -ray sources 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231. A combination of new and archival X-ray data from Chandra, XMM-Newton, Swift/XRT, and eROSITA reveals a...

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Main Authors: Rebecca Kyer, Subhroja Roy, Jay Strader, Ryan Urquhart, Isabella Molina, Peter Craig, Laura Chomiuk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adc128
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author Rebecca Kyer
Subhroja Roy
Jay Strader
Ryan Urquhart
Isabella Molina
Peter Craig
Laura Chomiuk
author_facet Rebecca Kyer
Subhroja Roy
Jay Strader
Ryan Urquhart
Isabella Molina
Peter Craig
Laura Chomiuk
author_sort Rebecca Kyer
collection DOAJ
description We report the discovery of two new Galactic accreting compact objects consistent with the respective positions of the unassociated Fermi-LAT γ -ray sources 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231. A combination of new and archival X-ray data from Chandra, XMM-Newton, Swift/XRT, and eROSITA reveals a variable X-ray source in each γ -ray error ellipse. Both candidate counterparts show power-law spectra with photon indices Γ ∼ 1.7–1.9. Optical follow-up photometry and spectroscopy show rapid high-amplitude variability unrelated to orbital motion and persistent accretion disk spectra for both objects. We demonstrate that the properties of these X-ray/optical sources are at odds with the known phenomenology of accreting white dwarfs, but are consistent with the observed properties of the subluminous disk state of transitional millisecond pulsars. This brings the census of confirmed or candidate transitional millisecond pulsars in the Galactic field to nine. We show this potentially represents ≲10% of the total population of transitional millisecond pulsars within 8 kpc.
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spelling doaj-art-a9fd913f320b4e6c9e46dbf95f2397142025-08-20T03:10:10ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01983211210.3847/1538-4357/adc128Multiwavelength Evidence for Two New Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsars in the Subluminous Disk State: 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231Rebecca Kyer0https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2411-5162Subhroja Roy1https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5402-8900Jay Strader2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1468-9668Ryan Urquhart3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-8620Isabella Molina4https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4418-0645Peter Craig5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3673-0668Laura Chomiuk6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8400-3705Center for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA ; rkyer@msu.eduCenter for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA ; rkyer@msu.eduCenter for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA ; rkyer@msu.eduCenter for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA ; rkyer@msu.eduCenter for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA ; rkyer@msu.eduCenter for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA ; rkyer@msu.eduCenter for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA ; rkyer@msu.eduWe report the discovery of two new Galactic accreting compact objects consistent with the respective positions of the unassociated Fermi-LAT γ -ray sources 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231. A combination of new and archival X-ray data from Chandra, XMM-Newton, Swift/XRT, and eROSITA reveals a variable X-ray source in each γ -ray error ellipse. Both candidate counterparts show power-law spectra with photon indices Γ ∼ 1.7–1.9. Optical follow-up photometry and spectroscopy show rapid high-amplitude variability unrelated to orbital motion and persistent accretion disk spectra for both objects. We demonstrate that the properties of these X-ray/optical sources are at odds with the known phenomenology of accreting white dwarfs, but are consistent with the observed properties of the subluminous disk state of transitional millisecond pulsars. This brings the census of confirmed or candidate transitional millisecond pulsars in the Galactic field to nine. We show this potentially represents ≲10% of the total population of transitional millisecond pulsars within 8 kpc.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adc128Millisecond pulsarsCompact binary stars
spellingShingle Rebecca Kyer
Subhroja Roy
Jay Strader
Ryan Urquhart
Isabella Molina
Peter Craig
Laura Chomiuk
Multiwavelength Evidence for Two New Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsars in the Subluminous Disk State: 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231
The Astrophysical Journal
Millisecond pulsars
Compact binary stars
title Multiwavelength Evidence for Two New Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsars in the Subluminous Disk State: 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231
title_full Multiwavelength Evidence for Two New Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsars in the Subluminous Disk State: 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231
title_fullStr Multiwavelength Evidence for Two New Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsars in the Subluminous Disk State: 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231
title_full_unstemmed Multiwavelength Evidence for Two New Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsars in the Subluminous Disk State: 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231
title_short Multiwavelength Evidence for Two New Candidate Transitional Millisecond Pulsars in the Subluminous Disk State: 4FGL J0639.1-8009 and 4FGL J1824.2+1231
title_sort multiwavelength evidence for two new candidate transitional millisecond pulsars in the subluminous disk state 4fgl j0639 1 8009 and 4fgl j1824 2 1231
topic Millisecond pulsars
Compact binary stars
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adc128
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