A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Lines and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band Images
For the first time, we present a systematic search for galaxies with extended emission lines and potential outflow features using JWST medium-band images in the GOODS South field. This is done by comparing the morphology in medium-band images to adjacent continuum and UV bands. We look for galaxies...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add2f4 |
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| author | Yongda Zhu Marcia J. Rieke Zhiyuan Ji Charlotte Simmonds Fengwu Sun Yang Sun Stacey Alberts Rachana Bhatawdekar Andrew J. Bunker Phillip A. Cargile Stefano Carniani Anna de Graaff Kevin Hainline Jakob M. Helton Gareth C. Jones Jianwei Lyu George H. Rieke Pierluigi Rinaldi Brant Robertson Jan Scholtz Hannah Übler Christina C. Williams Christopher N. A. Willmer |
| author_facet | Yongda Zhu Marcia J. Rieke Zhiyuan Ji Charlotte Simmonds Fengwu Sun Yang Sun Stacey Alberts Rachana Bhatawdekar Andrew J. Bunker Phillip A. Cargile Stefano Carniani Anna de Graaff Kevin Hainline Jakob M. Helton Gareth C. Jones Jianwei Lyu George H. Rieke Pierluigi Rinaldi Brant Robertson Jan Scholtz Hannah Übler Christina C. Williams Christopher N. A. Willmer |
| author_sort | Yongda Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For the first time, we present a systematic search for galaxies with extended emission lines and potential outflow features using JWST medium-band images in the GOODS South field. This is done by comparing the morphology in medium-band images to adjacent continuum and UV bands. We look for galaxies that have a maximum extent 50% larger, an excess area 30% greater, or an axis ratio difference of more than 0.3 in the medium band compared to the reference bands. After visual inspection, we find 326 candidate galaxies at 1.4 < z < 8.4, with a peak in the population near cosmic noon, benefiting from the good coverage of the medium-band filters. By fitting their spectral energy distributions, we find that the candidate galaxies are at least 20% more bursty in their star-forming activity and have 50% more young stellar populations compared to a control sample selected based on the continuum band flux. Additionally, these candidates exhibit a significantly higher production rate of ionizing photons. We further find that candidates hosting known active galactic nuclei (AGN) produce extended emission that is more anisotropic compared to non-AGN candidates. A few of our candidates have been spectroscopically confirmed to have prominent outflow signatures through NIRSpec observations, showcasing the robustness of the photometric selection. Future spectroscopic follow-up will better help verify and characterize the kinematics and chemical properties of these systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a9e7f9e7bd3f43b5b83fd35f1ccfd3a6 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-a9e7f9e7bd3f43b5b83fd35f1ccfd3a62025-08-20T02:39:25ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01986216210.3847/1538-4357/add2f4A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Lines and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band ImagesYongda Zhu0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3307-7525Marcia J. Rieke1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-6170Zhiyuan Ji2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7673-2257Charlotte Simmonds3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-7516Fengwu Sun4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-6617Yang Sun5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6561-9443Stacey Alberts6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8909-8782Rachana Bhatawdekar7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0883-2226Andrew J. Bunker8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8651-9879Phillip A. Cargile9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-8917Stefano Carniani10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6719-380XAnna de Graaff11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2380-9801Kevin Hainline12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-8239Jakob M. Helton13https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4337-6211Gareth C. Jones14https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-9024Jianwei Lyu15https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6221-1829George H. Rieke16https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2303-6519Pierluigi Rinaldi17https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5104-8245Brant Robertson18https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4271-0364Jan Scholtz19https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-6809Hannah Übler20https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4891-0794Christina C. Williams21https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-7495Christopher N. A. Willmer22https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-9997Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduKavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UKCenter for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USASteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduEuropean Space Agency (ESA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) , Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Physics, University of Oxford , Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKCenter for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAScuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, ItalyMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117, Heidelberg, GermanySteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduDepartment of Physics, University of Oxford , Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 96054, USAKavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UKKavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UKNSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USASteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; yongdaz@arizona.eduFor the first time, we present a systematic search for galaxies with extended emission lines and potential outflow features using JWST medium-band images in the GOODS South field. This is done by comparing the morphology in medium-band images to adjacent continuum and UV bands. We look for galaxies that have a maximum extent 50% larger, an excess area 30% greater, or an axis ratio difference of more than 0.3 in the medium band compared to the reference bands. After visual inspection, we find 326 candidate galaxies at 1.4 < z < 8.4, with a peak in the population near cosmic noon, benefiting from the good coverage of the medium-band filters. By fitting their spectral energy distributions, we find that the candidate galaxies are at least 20% more bursty in their star-forming activity and have 50% more young stellar populations compared to a control sample selected based on the continuum band flux. Additionally, these candidates exhibit a significantly higher production rate of ionizing photons. We further find that candidates hosting known active galactic nuclei (AGN) produce extended emission that is more anisotropic compared to non-AGN candidates. A few of our candidates have been spectroscopically confirmed to have prominent outflow signatures through NIRSpec observations, showcasing the robustness of the photometric selection. Future spectroscopic follow-up will better help verify and characterize the kinematics and chemical properties of these systems.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add2f4High-redshift galaxiesGalactic windsGalaxy classification systems |
| spellingShingle | Yongda Zhu Marcia J. Rieke Zhiyuan Ji Charlotte Simmonds Fengwu Sun Yang Sun Stacey Alberts Rachana Bhatawdekar Andrew J. Bunker Phillip A. Cargile Stefano Carniani Anna de Graaff Kevin Hainline Jakob M. Helton Gareth C. Jones Jianwei Lyu George H. Rieke Pierluigi Rinaldi Brant Robertson Jan Scholtz Hannah Übler Christina C. Williams Christopher N. A. Willmer A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Lines and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band Images The Astrophysical Journal High-redshift galaxies Galactic winds Galaxy classification systems |
| title | A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Lines and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band Images |
| title_full | A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Lines and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band Images |
| title_fullStr | A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Lines and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band Images |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Lines and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band Images |
| title_short | A Systematic Search for Galaxies with Extended Emission Lines and Potential Outflows in JADES Medium-band Images |
| title_sort | systematic search for galaxies with extended emission lines and potential outflows in jades medium band images |
| topic | High-redshift galaxies Galactic winds Galaxy classification systems |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add2f4 |
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